TABLE 1:
Baseline characteristics of participants
| VARIABLE | Normotensive Pregnancy (N= 544) | Nulliparous (N= 62) | Hypertensive Pregnancy (N= 102) | Preeclamptic Pregnancy (N= 17) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 60 (8) | 54 (10) | 59 (9) | 58 (9) | < .001 |
| Race, n (%) | |||||
| African American | 306 (56.2) | 18 (29.0) | 55 (53.9) | 5 (29.4) | |
| White | 238 (43.8) | 44 (71.0) | 47 (46.1) | 12 (70.6) | |
| Education, n (%) | .03 | ||||
| Less than 8 years | 15 (2.8) | 2 (3.2) | 7 (6.9) | 1 (5.9) | |
| 9–11 years | 55 (10.1) | 2 (3.2) | 12 (11.8) | 2 (11.7) | |
| 12 years/GED | 202 (37.1) | 14 (22.6) | 32 (31.3) | 3 (17.7) | |
| > 12 years | 272 (50.0) | 44 (71.0) | 51 (50.0) | 11 (64.7) | |
| History of smoking, n (%) | 189 (34.7) | 22 (35.5) | 22 (21.6) | 7 (41.2) | .05 |
| Body Mass Index, n (%) | .02 | ||||
| Underweight (BMI <18.5) | 3 (0.6) | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Normal Weight (BMI =18.5–24.9) | 84 (15.4) | 13 (21.0) | 9 (8.8) | 3 (17.7) | |
| Overweight (BMI = 25.0 − <30) | 185 (34.0) | 19 (30.7) | 20 (19.6) | 3 (17.7) | |
| Obese (BMI ≥ 30) | 272 (50.0) | 30 (48.3) | 73 (71.6) | 11 (64.6) | |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 356 (65.4) | 42 (67.7) | 94 (92.2) | 14 (82.4) | < 0.001 |
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 420 (77.2) | 48 (77.4) | 65 (63.7) | 11 (64.7) | 0.03 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 81 (14.9) | 7 (11.29) | 19 (18.6) | 5 (29.4) | 0.38 |
| Aspirin Use, n (%) | 159 (29.2) | 19 (30.7) | 35 (34.3) | 6 (35.3) | 0.88 |
| Hormone Replacement Therapy, n (%) | 191 (35.1) | 27 (43.6) | 34 (33.3) | 7 (41.2) | 0.53 |
| Family History of Hypertension, n (%) | 523 (96.1) | 59 (95.2) | 101 (99.0) | 17 (100) | 0.41 |
| Family History of CHD, n (%) | 280 (51.5) | 31 (50.0) | 56 (54.9) | 10 (58.8) | 0.86 |
| Family History of Diabetes, n (%) | 328 (60.3) | 28 (45.2) | 55 (53.9) | 11 (64.7) | 0.10 |
| History of CHD, n (%) | 17 (3.1) | 3 (4.8) | 4 (3.9) | 0 (0) | 0.76 |
| History of CVD, n (%) | 9 (1.7) | 2 (3.2) | 1 (1.0) | 3 (17.7) | < 0.01 |
n=725; The P-values of Continuous variables were calculated with Kruskal-Wallis test and the differences between categorical variables were tested with the Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact tests. Results are reported as means with standard deviations, frequencies, and percentages for categorical variables.