Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of controls and patients with PSD.
| Controls | PSD Patients | p Value 2 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NoImp | Imp | p Value 1 | All | |||
| No. of subjects | 34 | 18 | 13 | 0.798 | 31 | |
| Age (years) | 64.6 ± 15.9 | 62.3 ± 11.5 | 63.5 ± 13.9 | 0.779 | 62.8 ± 15.9 | 0.563 |
| Female, no. (%) | 15 (44) | 7 (39) | 8 (61) | 0.285 | 21 (58) | 0.546 |
| Educational period (years) | 9.2 ± 5.0 | 7.0 ± 3.4 | 9.8 ± 4.0 | 0.027 * | 8.2 ± 3.9 | 0.406 |
| Onset (days) | 74.3 ± 68.9 | 71.2 ± 41.3 | 69.5 ± 25.4 | 0.890 | 70.5 ± 35.0 | 0.250 |
| No. of depressive symptoms | ||||||
| Initial | - | 6.06 ± 1.39 | 6.69 ± 1.60 | 0.260 | 6.32 ± 1.49 | - |
| Follow-up | - | 6.67 ± 1.53 | 2.08 ± 2.25 | 0.000 * | 4.74 ± 2.94 | - |
| Type of stroke, no. (%) | ||||||
| Hemorrhagic stroke | 15 (44) | 3 (23) | 9 (50) | 0.833 | 12 (39) | 0.661 |
| Ischemic stroke | 19 (56) | 10 (77) | 9 (50) | 0.833 | 19 (61) | 0.661 |
| Side of hemiplegia (Rt:Lt:both) |
14 (42):12 (35):8 (23) | 6 (33):7 (39):5 (28) | 3 (23):8 (61):2 (16) | 0.462 | 9 (29):15 (48):7 (23) | 0.518 |
| Family Hx. (medical disorders) | 12 (35.3) | 6 (33) | 6 (46) | 0.470 | 12 (39) | 0.777 |
| Family Hx. (mental disorders) | 0 (0) | 1 (5) | 0 (0) | 0.388 | 1 (3) | 0.295 |
| Smoking (years) | 8.2 ± 15.8 | 6.1 ± 14.4 | 9.6 ± 17.1 | 0.567 | 7.5 ± 15.4 | 0.880 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 8 (23) | 4 (22) | 6 (46) | 0.160 | 10 (30) | 0.436 |
| Hypertension | 10 (56) | 10 (55) | 6 (46) | 0.605 | 16 (52) | 0.288 |
| NIHSS score | 7.6 ± 5.6 | 7.3 ± 7.0 | 8.0 ± 4.3 | 0.535 | 6.8 ± 3.4 | 0.826 |
Note: Values are presented as the number of subjects (%) or mean ± standard deviation. 1 p values between participants in the NoImp and Imp groups determined by the Mann–Whitney U test or the likelihood ratio, 2 p values between participants in the control and PSD groups determined by the Mann–Whitney U test or the likelihood ratio, * p < 0.05. Abbreviations: PSD = poststroke depression; NoImp = PSD patients with no symptom improvement; Imp = PSD patients with improvement in their symptoms; NIHSS = National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale.