Table 1.
Demographics and clinical characteristics of the sample (N = 94).
| Characteristic | N | % or M (SD) |
|---|---|---|
| Sex | ||
| Male | 30 | 31.9% |
| Female | 64 | 68.1% |
| Age (in years) | 36.2 (10.3) | |
| Country of birth (The Netherlands) | 78 | 82.6% |
| Number of years of education attained | 12.4 (3.3) | |
| Axis II personality disorders (SIDP-IV) | ||
| Cluster A personality disorder(s) | 8 | 8.5% |
| Cluster B personality disorder(s) | 54 | 57.4% |
| Cluster C personality disorder(s) | 64 | 68.1% |
| Diagnosed with cluster B (no cluster C) personality disorder(s) | 30 | 31.9% |
| Borderline personality disorder | 26 | 86.7% * |
| Histrionic personality disorder | 4 | 13.3% * |
| Narcissistic personality disorder | 3 | 10.0% * |
| Antisocial personality disorder | 1 | 3.3% * |
| Diagnosed with cluster C (no cluster B) personality disorder(s) | 40 | 42.6% |
| Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder | 19 | 47.5% * |
| Dependent personality disorder | 18 | 45.0% * |
| Avoidant personality disorder | 18 | 45.0% * |
| Diagnosed with both cluster B and C personality disorder(s) | 24 | 25.5% |
| Borderline personality disorder | 22 | 91.7% * |
| Histrionic personality disorder | 2 | 8.3% * |
| Narcissistic personality disorder | 2 | 8.3% * |
| Antisocial personality disorder | 4 | 16.7% * |
| Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder | 12 | 50.0% * |
| Dependent personality disorder | 6 | 25.0% * |
| Avoidant personality disorder | 13 | 54.2% * |
| DSM-IV axis I disorders (MINI-Plus 5.0.0), excluding PTSD 1 | ||
| Amount of axis I disorders (excl. PTSD) per person | 2.2 (1.6) | |
| Current mood disorders | 55 | 59.8% |
| Current anxiety disorder(s), excl. PTSD | 52 | 56.5% |
| Dependency on alcohol and/or drugs (last 12 months) | 19 | 20.7% |
| Current somatization disorder(s) | 10 | 11.0% |
| Present suicide risk medium-high | 33 | 35.9% |
| Lifetime suicide attempt | 29 | 31.9% |
| Trauma variables | ||
| Current PTSD (PSS-I) | 42 | 45.7% |
| PTSD severity (PSS-I, range: 0–51) | 26.4 (12.0) | |
| Physical and/or sexual abuse < 16 years (STI) | 57 | 63.3% |
| Other traumatic experiences < 16 years (STI) | 70 | 77.8% |
| Overall severity of childhood trauma (CTQ, range: 25–125) | 57.1 (19.5) | |
| Global functioning variables | ||
| Having a partner (biographic questionnaire) | 39 | 42.9% |
| Number of friends (biographic questionnaire) | 6.1 (6.6) | |
| Having a paid job (biographic questionnaire) | 29 | 33.0% |
| Social role functioning (SF-36, range 0–100) | 40.7 (27.2) | |
| Emotional role functioning (SF-36, range 0–100) | 28.5 (35.4) |
Note. Due to missing values, total N varies between 62 (for CTQ) and 94. SIDP-IV = Structured Interview for DSM–IV Personality; MINI = Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Axis I disorders; PTSD = posttraumatic stress disorder; PSS-I = PTSD Symptom Scale Interview; STI = Structured Trauma Interview; CTQ = Childhood Trauma Questionnaire; SF-36 = Short Form (36) Health Survey. * Percentage within specific experimental group. 1 Axis I disorders with percentages below 9% are not reported.