Figure 2.

Impact of spaceflight-induced microbiome alterations on human biology and physiology. Physiology on Earth (in blue) is compared to physiology in space (in red). Factors that can influence the microbiome—i.e., diet—or that can both influence and be influenced by the microbiome—i.e., immunity—are also shown. Central illustration (human body) “I, virus, the body”, courtesy of Charis Tsevis. Viral latency and reactivation images, courtesy of Alamy Stock Photo. Figure created with BioRender.com (accessed on 18 February 2022).