Figure 1.

Etiopathogenesis of asthma. Cells, chemokines, and cytokines, all have a role in the development of asthma. Neutrophils and eosinophils are two types of effector cells. In the case of an allergic response mediated by IgE, eosinophils are activated, resulting in the production of cytokines such as IFN-γ, IL-13, and IL-4, as well as histamine, which is released. More research is needed to understand the neutrophilic response; however, it may represent a transition from early Th2 or the result of early Th1/Th17 activation and IL-8 release. H1, histamine; IFN-γ, interferon gamma; IgE, immunoglobulin E; IL, interleukin; ILC, innate lymphoid cell; Th, T helper cells.