Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2022 Apr 7;9(4):164. doi: 10.3390/bioengineering9040164

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

PMC Copyright notice

Conventional two-step lactide synthesis process (reprinted with permission [48], Copyright 2019 American Chemical Society): (1) lactic acid stream, (2) lactic acid + reflux mixed stream, (3) dehydrated lactic acid stream, (4) wastewater, (5) dehydrated lactic acid stream, (6) lactic acid recovery, (7) R-1 liquid phase, (8) catalyst feed stream, (9) lactic acid + catalyst mixed stream, (10) oligomers stream, (11) unreacted oligomers stream, (12) unreacted oligomer recovery, (13) high molar mass oligomers, (14) crude lactide stream, (15) purified lactide stream, (16) unpurified lactide stream, (C-1, C-2) distillation columns, (R-1, R-2) polycondensation and depolymerization reactors, respectively, (F-1, F-2) heating duties.