Table 7.
Summary of studies related to uveitis included.
| First Author | Years | Country | Study-Design | Sample Size | Main Finding | Rate # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stephanie M. Llop [251] | 2018 | United States | Retrospective case-control study | 333 Uveitis patients, 103 scleritis patients and 329 controls | Hypovitaminosis D was associated with increased risk of ocular inflammation | 4a |
| Lindsay A Grotting [255] | 2017 | United States | Retrospective case-control study | 100 Noninfectious anterior uveitis patients and 100 healthy controls | Lower vitamin D levels are associated with an increased risk of noninfectious anterior uveitis. | 4a |
| Xianglong Yi [256] | 2011 | China | Case-control study | 8 active VKH patients, 7 inactive VKH patients and 8 healthy controls | These findings suggest that decreased expression of 1,25(OH)2D3 may be involved in the development of VKH disease. 1,25(OH)2D3 may be potentially used in the treatment of this disease. | 4b |
| Zeynep Dadaci [254] | 2016 | Turkey | Case-control study | 20 acute anterior uveitis patients and 20 healthy controls | Significantly low serum levels of vitamin D was found in patients with acute anterior uveitis, which suggest that vitamin D deficiency may play a role in the pathogenesis of anterior uveitis. | 4a |
| TC Mitulescu [253] | 2016 | Romania | Case-control study | 11 AS with AAU patients, 23 AS patients without AAU patients and 18 healthy controls | Altered levels of Vit D affect the balance between LL-37, IL-8 and Serum Amyloid A, suggesting an association with AAU, an extra-articular manifestation of AS. | 4b |
| Lucia Sobrin [252] | 2018 | United States | Retrospective case-control study | 558 noninfectious uveitis patients and 2790 healthy controls | Hypovitaminosis D may be a risk factor for noninfectious uveitis. | 4a |
| Zelia K. Chiu [259] | 2020 | Australia | Prospective case-control study | 74 active and 77 inactive noninfectious uveitis patients and 594 local general population controls | Participants with active uveitis showed significantly lower serum 25(OH)D3 levels than inactive uveitis patients and local population-based estimates. Vitamin D supplementation was found to be associated with decreased uveitis activity, as was sun exposure in those with vitamin D deficiency. | 4a |
| Ma’an Abdullah Al-Barry [25] | 2016 | Arabia | Cross-sectional study | 39 VKH patients and 50 healthy controls | low vitamin D levels might play a role in VKH pathogenesis and mutations in genes involved in vitamin D anabolism and catabolism might be of importance in VKH pathobiology. | 3b |
| Julien Rohmer [257] | 2020 | France | Retrospective study | 59 Uveitis patients | The measurement of serum 25(OH)D3 and 1,25(OH)2D3 levels is a useful tool in the etiological workup of patients with unexplained uveitis, since a high 1,25(OH)2D3/25(OH)D3 ratio is suggestive of ocular sarcoidosis. | 4a |
| Claudia Sengler [258] | 2018 | Germany | Prospective observational, controlled multicenter study | 360 juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) patients and 360 healthy controls | 25(OH)D3 deficiency was common and associated with higher disease activity and risk of developing JIA-associated uveitis. | 3a |
| Marta Mora Gonzalez [250] | 2018 | United States | Cross-sectional population-based study | 25 uveitis patients and unknown number of non-uveitis controls | None of the 25 patients were found to have serum vitamin D values indicative of deficiency (less than or equal to 30 nmol/L). | 3b |
Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), acute anterior uveitis (AAU); # LEGEND for case-control, cohort, and cross-sectional studies, rating of the studies follow the guidelines from LEGEND.