Table 9.
Summary of studies related to cataract included.
| First Author | Years | Country | Study-Design | Sample Size | Main Finding | Rate # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aidenloo Naser Samadi [280] | 2021 | Iran | Cross-sectional study | 216 nuclear cataract patients, 336 cortical cataract patients, 140 posterior sub-capsular cataract patients, 549 mixed cataract patients and 200 normal controls | Serum 25(OH)D3 levels were inversely associated with the risk of nuclear cataract and cortical cataract and not associated with posterior sub-capsular cataract or mixed cataract in women. No association between vitamin D and cataractogenesis in men. | 4a |
| Donghyun Jee [281] | 2015 | South Korea | Population-based cross-sectional study | 18,804 participants (7993 age-related cataracts, 1332 with a history of cataract surgery and 9479 no cataract participants) | Men with higher serum 25(OH)D3 levels have a lower risk for the age-related cataract; while no association were found in women. | 4a |
| Sangshin Park [274] | 2016 | South Korea | Cross-sectional study | 16,086 participants (cortical, 1562; nuclear, 4116; anterior subcapsular, 174; posterior subcapsular, 87; mixed, 1013; Q1, 3215; Q2, 3214; Q3, 3217; Q4, 3226; and Q5, 3214) | Serum 25(OH)D3 levels were inversely associated with the risk of nuclear cataract. | 4a |
| Caglar Okem [278] | 2021 | Turkey | Sectional case-control study | 37 cataract patients and 53 healthy controls | Vitamin D deficiency as associated with early age-related cataract. | 4a |
| Prethy Rao [280,282] | 2015 | United States | Cross-sectional study | 1278 participants (nuclear cataract, 516; Q1, 256; Q2, 257; Q3, 254; Q4, 256; and Q5, 255) | No significant association between serum 25(OH)D3 levels and nuclear cataract. | 4a |
| Craig J Brown [279] | 2015 | United States | Cross-sectional | 175 cataract patients | Vitamin D deficiency was associated with posterior subcapsular cataract. | 4b |
| K Atalay [277] | 2020 | Turkey | Hospital-based cross-sectional study | 26 posterior subcapsular cataract patients and 53 age-related cataract without posterior subcapsular cataract patients | Patients with age-related cataract without posterior subcapsular component showed statistically significantly lower vitamin D level than 20 ng/mL (vitamin D insufficiency level). | 4b |
| Min-Chul Cho [283] | 2020 | South Korea | Prospective study | 87 senile cataract patients and 49 diabetic cataract patients | Higher 25(OH)D3 levels in aqueous humor was associated with diabetic cataract. | 3a |
| Marwa Mahmoud Abdellan [276] | 2019 | Egypt | Case-control study | 325 cataract patients and 385 healthy controls | Vitamin D deficiency may have a role in age-related cataract patients. | 4a |
# LEGEND for case-control, cohort, and cross-sectional studies, rating of the studies follow the guidelines from LEGEND.