Table 1.
Baseline patients’ characteristics. Comparison of patients with symptomatic internal carotid artery stenosis with diabetes and without diabetes.
| Parameter | All n = 101 |
Diabetic n = 37 |
Non-Diabetic n = 64 |
p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic data | ||||
| Age, (median; IQR) | 69; 62–76 | 71; 63–78 | 67.5; 61.5–74 | 0.159 |
| Male gender, n (%) | 63 (62.3%) | 21 (56.8%) | 42 (65.6%) | 0.375 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 96 (95.0%) | 35 (94.5%) | 61 (95.3%) | 0.872 |
| Hypercholesterolemia, n (%) | 87 (86.1%) | 34 (91.8%) | 53 (82.8%) | 0.203 |
| Smoking habit, n (%) | 62 (61.3%) | 19 (51.3%) | 43 (67.2%) | 0.115 |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) * | 54 (53.4%) | 23 (62.2%) | 31 (48.4%) | 0.182 |
| Lower extremities arterial disease, n (%) * | 28 (27.7%) | 11 (29.7%) | 17 (26.6%) | 0.731 |
| Prior myocardial infarction, n (%) | 20 (19.8%) | 8 (21.6%) | 12 (18.7%) | 0.727 |
| Renal artery stenosis, n (%) * | 7 (6.9%) | 2 (5.4%) | 5 (7.8%) | 0.646 |
| Laboratory results (serum) | ||||
| Serum creatinine, μmol/L, (median; IQR) | 82; 70–100 | 85; 71–101 | 81; 68.5–99 | 0.361 |
| C-Reactive Protein, g/L, (median; IQR) | 2.59; 1.99–250 | 3.15; 1.83–6.29 | 2.21; 1.27–4.45 | 0.146 |
| Fibrinogen, g/L, (median; IQR) | 3.51; 3.01–4.30 | 3.78; 3.33–4.62 | 3.40; 3.00–4.00 | 0.062 |
| LDL-cholesterol, mmol/L, (median; IQR) | 2.65; 1.99–3.04 | 2.59; 1.94–3.46 | 2.56; 2.03–2.95 | 0.292 |
| microRNA | ||||
| miR-1-3p, A.U., (median; IQR) | 0.17; 0.08–0.32 | 0.15; 0.08–0.24 | 0.19; 0.08–0.38 | 0.227 |
| miR-122-5p, A.U., (median; IQR) | 48.05; 19.43–250.4 | 40.95; 12.72–142.4 | 52.82; 28.63–310.4 | 0.146 |
| miR-124-3p, A.U., (median; IQR) | 0.23; 0.09–0.63 | 0.24; 0.09–0.57 | 0.22; 0.08–0.66 | 0.625 |
| miR-133a-3p, A.U., (median; IQR) | 0.87; 0.63–1.22 | 0.85; 0.62–1.26 | 0.87; 0.63–1.15 | 0.805 |
| miR-133b, A.U., (median; IQR) | 1.87; 1.19–2.53 | 1.87; 1.15–2.60 | 1.69; 1.24–2.47 | 0.766 |
| miR-134-5p, A.U., (median; IQR) | 0.82; 0.33–2.80 | 0.90; 0.43–3.17 | 0.73; 0.29–1.87 | 0.357 |
| miR-16-5p, A.U., (median; IQR) | 94.57; 37.57–263.7 | 45.32; 14.60–71.19 | 122.78; 64.96–543 | <0.001 |
| miR-208b-3p, A.U., (median; IQR) | 0.005; 0.002–0.022 | 0.005; 0.002–0.018 | 0.005; 0.002–0.02 | 0.978 |
| miR-34a-5p, A.U., (median; IQR) | 0.72; 0.31–1.06 | 0.76; 0.48–1.11 | 0.63; 0.28–1.04 | 0.145 |
| miR-375, A.U., (median; IQR) | 3.53; 1.62–10.21 | 3.11; 1.49–6.71 | 4.48; 1.69–21.15 | 0.226 |
| miR-499-5p, A.U., (median; IQR) | 0.02; 0.01–0.04 | 0.02; 0.01–0.07 | 0.02; 0.01–0.04 | 0.605 |
A.U., arbitrary units; *—defined as the presence of arterial stenosis exceeding 50% lumen reduction on angiography.