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. 2022 Apr 12;19(8):4640. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19084640

Table 3.

Reproductive hormones in female African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, exposed to chlorpyrifos (8.75 µg/L.) and/or co-administrated with papaya, Carica papaya, aqueous extract (250 mg/kg body weight) for 6 weeks.

Items Control Chlorpyrifos Papaya Chlorpyrifos + Papaya
Follicle-stimulating hormone (µ/L) 0.68 ± 0.05 a 0.26 ± 0.06 c 0.72 ± 0.04 a 0.67 ± 0.03 b
Luteinizing hormone (µ/L) 0.33 ± 0.01 b 0.78 ± 0.09 a 0.31 ± 0.04 b 0.32 ± 0.05 b
Estradiol (17-β E2; g/mL) 349.31 ± 0.41 a 253.51 ± 0.15 c 350.21 ± 0.23 a 339.24 ± 0.13 b
Testosterone (g/mL) 54.15 ± 0.34 b 80.52 ± 0.25 a 55.20 ± 0.41 b 50.34 ± 0.31 c

Means with different superscript letters in the same column for each parameter are significantly different (p < 0.05).