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. 2022 Mar 25;11(4):627. doi: 10.3390/antiox11040627

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Pathophysiology of ischemia-reperfusion injury. The mechanisms through which myocardial tissue is damaged after the restoration of blood flow following a period of ischemia include oxidative stress, ion accumulation due to the dysfunction of cellular pumps, nitric oxide species that produce damage, mitochondrial dysfunction through the opening of MPTP and activation of cellular death pathways.