Table 5.

Sperm velocity and trajectory shape parameters in four hamster species. Values correspond to means and standard errors for spermatozoa in the absence (control) or with penicillamine, hypotaurine and epinephrine (PHE) at the start of the incubation period (time zero). VCL: curvilinear velocity. VSL: straight-line velocity. VAP: average path velocity. LIN: linearity. STR: straightness. WOB: wobble coefficient. ALH: amplitude of lateral head movement. BCF: beat-cross frequency.

Species	Variable	Control		PHE
		Mean	SE	Mean	SE
Mesocricetus auratus	VCL (µm s−1)	114.71	2.40	123.45	3.99
	VSL (µm s−1)	54.66	2.33	56.76	2.27
	VAP (µm s−1)	76.64	2.02	82.22	2.26
	LIN (VSL/VCL)	0.47	0.02	0.46	0.02
	STR (VSL/VAP)	0.67	0.02	0.66	0.01
	WOB (VAP/VCL)	0.67	0.01	0.68	0.01
	ALH (µm)	5.17	0.11	5.67	0.22
	BCF (Hz)	6.32	0.18	6.27	0.18
Phodopus campbelli	VCL (µm s−1)	162.79	2.25	162.80	2.01
	VSL (µm s−1)	75.25	1.27	71.62	1.93
	VAP (µm s−1)	102.05	1.48	98.86	1.33
	LIN (VSL/VCL)	0.45	0.01	0.43	0.01
	STR (VSL/VAP)	0.70	0.01	0.69	0.01
	WOB (VAP/VCL)	0.62	0.01	0.61	0.01
	ALH (µm)	6.48	0.12	6.40	0.12
	BCF (Hz)	9.83	0.15	9.70	0.12
Phodopus sungorus	VCL (µm s−1)	152.02	2.24	157.70	2.29
	VSL (µm s−1)	68.81	2.36	69.10	2.19
	VAP (µm s−1)	92.19	1.91	92.81	2.13
	LIN (VSL/VCL)	0.44	0.01	0.42	0.01
	STR (VSL/VAP)	0.69	0.01	0.69	0.01
	WOB (VAP/VCL)	0.60	0.01	0.58	0.01
	ALH (µm)	6.34	0.11	6.56	0.11
	BCF (Hz)	8.70	0.34	9.21	0.28
Phodopus roborovskii	VCL (µm s−1)	152.85	2.91	146.54	1.01
	VSL (µm s−1)	62.13	1.85	56.36	2.42
	VAP (µm s−1)	87.26	1.68	80.80	1.50
	LIN (VSL/VCL)	0.40	0.01	0.38	0.02
	STR (VSL/VAP)	0.68	0.01	0.67	0.02
	WOB (VAP/VCL)	0.57	0.01	0.55	0.01
	ALH (µm)	6.96	0.12	7.14	0.11
	BCF (Hz)	8.40	0.35	7.53	0.48