Table 1.

List of yam viruses, their classification, and PCR primers available for their detection.

Virus Name	Genome Organization	Primer Name	Gene Region/ORF	Primer Sequence (5′–3′)	Annealing Temperature (°C)	PCR Product Length (bp)	Reference
YMV	(+) ssRNA	YMV1 YMV2	NIb, CP, 3′UTR	TGCGGAACTCRAAAGAAC TGCCATCAAATCCAAACA	52	196	[50]
		YMV1 Poly T	NIb, CP, 3′UTR	TGCGGAACTCRAAAGAAC TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTV	52	450	[50]
		YMV CP 1F YMV UTR 1R	CP, 3′UTR	ATCCGGGATGTGGACAATGA TGGTCCTCCGCCACATCAAA	55	586	[52]
YMMV	(+) ssRNA	YMMV CP 2F YMMV UTR 1R	CP, 3′UTR	GGCACACATGCAAATGAAAGC CACCAGTAGAGTGAACATAG	55	249	[52]
		YMMVCP-Bam FP YMMV-CP-EcoRP	CP	CAGAGAGGATCCGCAAGTAAGGAACAGACATTTG TTGATCGAATTCCTAGATATTGCGCACTCCAAGAAG	55	798	[54]
Macluraviruses	(+) ssRNA	YamMac4F YamMac5R	CP	CHGCAGCWATYGGKMGTG GGGTTGCTGAGCRTYGGA	47	292	[19]
CYNMV	(+) ssRNA	CYNMV-Det-Fw CYNMV-Det-Rv	3′ proximal region	GTGTGCTAACAATGGTACATCATC GTGCGTTGAGGGTTGCTGAGC	55	609	[58]
YCNV	(+) ssRNA	YCNF504 YCNR1269	5′ region	TTAACGTCATAGTAGCTCTCAGC TAGTCGAGCTGAACCCTAACCAC	-	-	[12]
Badnaviruses	Circular dsDNA	BadnaFP BadnaRP	RT, RnaseH	ATGCCITTYGGIITIAARAAYGCICC CCAYTTRCAIACISCICCCCAICC	49	579	[59]
CMV	(+) ssRNA	CMV1-F CMV1-R	3′UTR, CP	GTAGACATCTGTGACGCGA GCGCGAAACAAGCTTCTTATC	55	540	[60]
		CMV primer 1 CMV primer 2	CP	GCCGTAAGCTGGATGGACAA TATGATAAGAAGCTTGTTTCGCG	55	500	[61]
		CMV-F IITA CMV-R	Replicase	GCCGTAAGCTGGATGGACAA CCGCTTGTGCGTTTAATGGCT	54	520	[1]
Potexviruses	(+) ssRNA	Potex-2RC Potex-5	ORF1	AGCATRGCNSCRTCYTG CAYCARCARGCMAARGAYGA	49	584	[62]
		YamX-3F yamX-5R	RdRp domain	CICARTGGGTIAAGAAARWKGA GRTCRAAIGCIGTRAARTCATTIGC	43	255	[19]
YaV1	(+) ssRNA	DiosClos-F DiosClos-R	3′end ORF8, 3′NCR	CTCTTTAGGTTTCCCATTTATCA TGGTTCTACATTACTAGACTAC	49	285	[63]
DMaV	(+) ssRNA	Seco-1F Seco-1R	RdRp	AACTCCWTCWGGWTTYGCTYTGAC CCCACTTYCTY TGAGAAAATCAA	46	323	[19]
YVY	(+) ssRNA	YVY-RdRp1-PF YVY-RdRp1-PR	RdRp	GTAATTGAAAATCACAGTGAGC CTTCAAGTGCATAATTGTCTAT	55	790	[20]
		YVY-CP-F YVY-CP-R	CP, 3′UTR	TTGATTAGTTAAGTATTTAGC CCAGTTTTTCCTGCTGGCAAAC	55	788	[20]
DNUaV	Circular dsDNA	DNUaV-ORF4-FP1 DNUaV-ORF4-RP1	ORF4 sequence	CCGGGTTGCCAGTACAGAAT CGTGAAGCACCCAAACCTTG	57	450	[18]