Table 1.

Bioactive compounds identified in Hibiscus sabdariffa calyxes.

Bioactive Compounds	Biological Activity	Reference
Cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside	Anti-inflammatory	[37]
Cyanidine-3-sambubioside	Anti-inflammatory Hepatoprotective Antihypertensive	[38,39]
Delphinidin-3-sambubioside	Hepatoprotective	[40,41]
Delphinidin-3-glucoside	Hepatoprotective	[37]
5-O-Caffeoyl-shikimic acid	Antimicrobial	[42,43]
3-Caffeoylquinic acid	Antioxidant	[38,44]
5-Caffeoylquinic acid	Anti-inflammatory	[38,45]
4-Caffeoylquinic acid	Antimicrobial	[38,46]
4-O-methylgallic acid	Antihypertensive Antioxidant	[12]
3-O-methylgallic acid	Antihypertensive Antioxidant	[12]
Caffeic acid	Anti-inflammatory	[47,48]
Chlorogenic acid	Immune booster	[35,40,42,49]
Chlorogenic acid isomer I	Immune booster	[40,42,49]
Chlorogenic acid isomer II	Immune booster	[40,42,49]
Epigallocatechin gallate	Antihypertensive	[48]
Gallic acid	Antihypertensive Hypoglycemic Antioxidant	[35,39]
Hydroxycitric acid	Hypolipidemic	[36,40,50]
Hibiscus acid	Vasorelaxant	[36,40,51]
Kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside	Anti-inflammatory	[40,52]
Kaempferol 3-(p-coumaryl glucoside)	Hypolipidemic	[40,42]
Myricetin 3-arabinogalactose	Hypolipidemic	[40,42]
n-Feruloyl Tyramine	Antioxidant	[40,53]
Protocatechuic acid	Antimicrobial	[43,48]
Quercetin	Antianxiety Antidepressant	[42,54]
Quercitin-3-glucoside	Antianxiety	[42]
Quercetin-3-rutinoside	Antidepressant	[38,42]
Quercetin-3-sambubioside	Antianxiety	[42]
Syringic acid	Antioxidant	[35]