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. 2022 Mar 24;10(4):767. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10040767

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Schematic representation of exosome conjugation strategies over bone specific biomaterials. Exosomes derived from both mesenchymal stem cells as well as osteogenically pre-differentiated MSCs have been immobilized over bioceramics, polymer composites, hydrogels (as carriers), and titanium scaffolds for functionalization.