Comparisons of different fluorescent probes for the determination of TC.

Fluorescent probes	Linear range (μM)	LOD (nM)	References
IPQDs	0.5–15	76	36
Eu/CdTe QDs	0–80	2.2	39
CsPbBr3@BN	0.08–0.92	14	40
CDs	0.5–25	165	41
B,N-GQDs	0.04–14	1.0	42
CDs@MIPs	0.02–14	5.48	43
Pal-FL@SiO2-Cit-Eu	0–20	7.1	44
DPA-Ce-GMP-Eu	0.01–45	6.6	45
GQDs-Eu3+	0–20	8.2	46
SQDs	0.1–50.0	28.0	This work