Table 2.

Multinomial logistic regression results: Prevalence of breakfast skipping (relative risk ratio) by gender, grade, socioeconomic status, and geographical remoteness among South Australian students in grades 4–12 in 2019 (n = 71,390)

		Sometimes skips		Often skips		Always skips
		RRR (95% CI)	P	RRR (95% CI)	P	RRR (95% CI)	P
Gender	Male	ref	–	ref	–	ref	–
	Female	1.17 (1.13–1.22)	<0.001	1.64 (1.58–1.71)	<0.001	1.57 (1.49–1.66)	<0.001
	Other	1.46 (1.15–1.86)	0.002	2.37 (1.91–2.95)	<0.001	4.31 (3.47–5.37)	<0.001
Grade	4–5	ref	–	ref	–	ref	–
	6–7	1.50 (1.42–1.59)	<0.001	1.68 (1.58–1.79)	<0.001	1.80 (1.64–1.97)	<0.001
	8–9	2.03 (1.91–2.15)	<0.001	3.12 (2.93–3.31)	<0.001	4.56 (4.19–4.97)	<0.001
	10–12	2.31 (2.18–2.45)	<0.001	4.44 (4.19–4.72)	<0.001	7.07 (6.51–7.68)	<0.001
Socioeconomic status	Quintile 1	1.21 (1.14–1.29)	<0.001	2.11 (1.99–2.24)	<0.001	2.80 (2.58–3.04)	<0.001
	Quintile 2	1.18 (1.11–1.26)	<0.001	1.80 (1.68–1.93)	<0.001	2.08 (1.90–2.28)	<0.001
	Quintile 3	1.11 (1.04–1.18)	0.003	1.58 (1.48–1.69)	<0.001	1.78 (1.62–1.96)	<0.001
	Quintile 4	1.02 (0.96–1.08)	0.573	1.31 (1.22–1.40)	<0.001	1.42 (1.30–1.56)	<0.001
	Quintile 5	ref	–	ref	–	ref	–
Geographical remoteness	Major Cities	ref	–	ref	–	ref	–
	Inner Regional	1.16 (1.10–1.23)	<0.001	1.21 (1.15–1.28)	<0.001	1.26 (1.17–1.35)	<0.001
	Outer Regional	1.20 (1.13–1.28)	<0.001	1.18 (1.11–1.25)	<0.001	1.22 (1.13–1.31)	<0.001
	Remote/Very Remote	1.17 (1.05–1.30)	0.006	1.18 (1.06–1.31)	0.003	1.13 (0.98–1.30)	0.100

RRR Relative risk ratio, CI Confidence interval