Table 2.
Univariate and multivariate analyses of risk factors associated with overall survival and disease-free survival of HCC patients in training cohort
| Clinicopathologic variables | OS | DFS | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |
|
P HR (95% CI) |
P HR (95% CI) |
P HR (95% CI) |
P HR (95% CI) |
|
| Gender | 0.221 | NA | 0.245 | NA |
| Female | 1 | 1 | ||
| Male | 1.295(0.856–1.958) | 1.278(0.845–1.931) | ||
| Age (years) | 0.018 | 0.325 | 0.014 | 0.113 |
| ≤ 50 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| > 50 | 1.595(1.085–2.345) | 1.237(0.810–1.889) | 1.622(1.102–2.385) | 1.366(0.929–2.008) |
| AFP(ng/ml) | 0.001 | 0.003 | 0.002 | < 0.001 |
| < 20 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| ≥ 20 | 2.235(1.384–3.611) | 2.198(1.300–3.713) | 2.154(1.334–3.478) | 2.308(1.441–3.696) |
| Hepatitis B status | 0.655 | NA | 0.634 | NA |
| Negative | 1 | 1 | ||
| Positive | 1.099(0.727–1.660) | 1.106(0.732–1.671) | ||
| Liver cirrhosis | 0.266 | NA | 0.350 | NA |
| Absent | 1 | 1 | ||
| Present | 1.239(0.849–1.809) | 1.196(0.822–1.739) | ||
| Child–Pugh classification | 0.480 | NA | 0.468 | NA |
| A | 1 | 1 | ||
| B | 1.148(0.783–1.684) | 1.153(0.786–1.691) | ||
| Tumor size (cm) | 0.245 | NA | 0.267 | NA |
| ≤ 5 | 1 | 1 | ||
| > 5 | 1.248(0.859–1.814) | 1.235(0.850–1.795) | ||
| Tumor nodule number | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Solitary | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Multiple (≥ 2) | 1.935(1.329–2.817) | 2.195(1.379–3.493) | 1.864(1.282–2.710) | 1.983(1.296–3.034) |
| Capsulation formation | 0.008 | 0.263 | 0.010 | 0.214 |
| Presence | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Absence | 1.650(1.139–2.390) | 1.288(0.827–2.005) | 1.619(1.120–2.342) | 1.298(0.860–1.960) |
| Edmondson- Steiner grade | 0.004 | 0.504 | 0.001 | 0.193 |
| I&II | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| III&IV | 1.784(1.207–2.638) | 1.253(0.647–2.427) | 1.790(1.253–2.557) | 1.308(0.873–1.958) |
| Microvascular invasion | 0.027 | 0.041 | < 0.001 | 0.010 |
| Absence | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Presence | 1.529(1.049–2.229) | 1.898(1.028–3.507) | 2.110(1.489–2.991) | 2.044(1.187–3.522) |
| Macrovascular invasion | < 0.001 | 0.008 | < 0.001 | 0.012 |
| Absence | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Presence | 2.728(1.741–4.273) | 2.191(1.230–3.902) | 2.247(1.450–3.483) | 2.086(1.174–3.707) |
| BCLC stage | 0.001 | 0.012 | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| 0&A | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| B&C | 1.914(1.301–2.815) | 1.697(1.125–2.560) | 1.828(1.289–2.592) | 1.873(1.286–2.729) |
| TNM stage | < 0.001 | 0.010 | < 0.001 | 0.005 |
| I | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| II&III | 2.197(1.481–3.259) | 1.778(1.148–2.755) | 1.975(1.387–2.813) | 1.797(1.196–2.700) |
| CNLC stage | < 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.008 | 0.045 |
| I | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| II&III | 2.300(1.576–3.358) | 2.019(1.318–3.094) | 1.593(1.130–2.246) | 2.002(1.017–3.942) |
| Piezo1 expression | < 0.001 | 0.026 | < 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Low | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| High | 2.048(1.374–3.053) | 1.671(1.064–2.625) | 1.943(1.355–2.787) | 1.894(1.285–2.972) |
Bold values P < 0.05
HR hazard risk ratio, CI confidence interval, NA not applicable, AFP alpha-fetoprotein, HBsAg hepatitis B surface antigen, TNM tumor node metastasis, BCLC Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer, CNLC China Clinic Liver Cancer