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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2022 Jan 28;31(2):393–403. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-21-0355

Table 5.

Multivariate Models.

Everything Causes Cancer
Variable Level OR (95% CI) Trend p-value
Geographic location Rural (RUCC 4–9) 1.29 (1.17–1.43) <0.0001
Urban (RUCC 1–3) Reference
Age (years) 65+ 0.38 (0.31–0.47) <0.0001
35–64 0.65 (0.55–0.76)
18–34 Reference
Sex Female 1.22 (1.11–1.34) <0.0001
Male Reference
Income ($) < 20,000  1.38 (1.11–1.71) 0.003
20,000 – 49,999 1.21 (1.03–1.42)
50,000 – 99,999 1.25 (1.10–1.41)
>=100,000 Reference
Education (highest completed) <= High School 2.03 (1.76–2.34) <0.0001
Post-high school 1.64 (1.46–1.83)
>= College Reference
Insurance Status Uninsured 0.76 (0.60–0.95) 0.005
Medicare 0.91 (0.76–1.08)
Medicaid 0.70 (0.55–0.89)
Other 1.10 (0.88–1.37)
Private Insured & Employee based Reference
Smoking Status Current Smoker 1.65 (1.38–1.96) <0.0001
Former or Never Smoke Reference
Trouble paying for medical care Yes 1.24 (1.05–1.46) 0.01
No Reference
Marital Status Not Married 0.90 (0.81–1.01) 0.08
Married/Living as married Reference
Employment Not Employed 0.90 (0.80-.02) 0.09
Employed Reference
Site All Sites 0.99 (0.98–1.01) 0.33
Fred Hutchinson Reference
Not Much You Can Do
Variable Level OR (95% CI) Trend p-value
Geographic location Rural (RUCC 4–9) 1.22 (1.09–1.36) 0.0005
Urban (RUCC 1–3) Reference
Income ($) < 20,000  2.07 (1.72–2.49) <0.0001
20,000 – 49,999 1.53 (1.30–1.81)
50,000 – 99,999 1.22 (1.05–1.43)
>=100,000 Reference
Education (highest completed) <= High School 2.84 (2.45–3.28) <0.0001
Post-high school 1.67 (1.46–1.91)
>= College Reference
Smoking Status Current Smoker 1.37 (1.17–1.60) <0.0001
Former or Never Smoke Reference
Site All Sites 1.01 (0.99–1.02) 0.31
Fred Hutchinson Reference
Too Many Recommendations
Variable Level OR (95% CI) Trend p-value
Geographic location Rural (RUCC 4–9) 1.26 (1.13–1.41) <0.0001
Urban (RUCC 1–3) Reference
Sex Female 0.89 (0.80–0.98) 0.02
Male Reference
Income ($) < 20,000  1.06 (0.87–1.30) 0.01
20,000 – 49,999 1.23 (1.05–1.44)
50,000 – 99,999 1.20 (1.06–1.37)
>=100,000 Reference
Education (highest completed) <= High School 2.11 (1.80–2.47) <0.0001
Post-high school 1.56 (1.38–1.76)
>= College Reference
Smoking Status Current Smoker 1.38 (1.14–1.68) 0.0008
Former or Never Smoke Reference
Marital Status Not Married 0.88 (0.78–0.99) 0.03
Married/Living as married Reference
Site All Sites 0.99 (0.98–1.01) 0.39
Fred Hutchinson Reference
 Think About Death
Variable Level OR (95% CI) Trend p-value
Geographic location Rural (RUCC 4–9) 1.09 (0.99–1.21) <0.0001
Urban (RUCC 1–3) Reference
Age (years) 65+ 0.80 (0.67–0.96) 0.05
35–64 0.90 (0.78–1.02)
18–34 Reference
Sex Female 0.91 (0.83–0.99) 0.02
Male Reference
Race/Ethnicity Other 0.97 (0.82–1.15) 0.0006
Hispanic 1.46 (1.12–1.91)
Black 1.31 (1.11–1.54)
Non-Hispanic White Reference
Education (highest completed) <= High School 1.74 (1.55–1.96) <0.0001
Post-high school 1.32 (1.20–1.46)
>= College Reference
Insurance Status Uninsured 0.82 (0.66.−1.00) 0.005
Medicare 0.91 (0.79–1.05)
Medicaid 1.31 (1.08–1.61)
Other 0.94 (0.77–1.14)
Private Insured & Employee based Reference
Smoking Status Current Smoker 1.33 (1.15–1.54) 0.0002
Former or Never Smoke Reference
Trouble paying for medical care Yes 1.45 (1.25–1.68) <0.0001
No Reference
Site All Sites 1.00 (0.99–1.01) 0.62
Fred Hutchinson Reference