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. 2022 Feb 2;388(2):417–438. doi: 10.1007/s00441-022-03593-1

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — Representative image showing effect of alogliptin treatment on a.TNF-α and b. IL-6 in BALF and c. TGF-β1 levels in lung tissue homogenates of CP-induced lung toxicity in rats. Data are represented as the means ± standard error of mean (SEM); analyzed by One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. A level of probability (P value) ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. * Significant versus Control group; # significant versus CP-treated group. CP: cyclophosphamide; ALO: alogliptin; BALF: bronchoalveolar lavage fluid; TNF-α: tumour necrosis factor alpha; IL-6: interleukin 6;TGF-β1: transforming growth factor