TABLE.1.

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors and new immunotherapeutics in development for thyroid cancer.

Drug	Therapeutic target	Indication	Dose	Results	Research progress	Reference
Dabrafenib plus Trametinib	BRAF and MEK	ATC	150 twice daily and 2 mg once daily	63% PR	In clinical trial	Subbiah et al. (2018)
Selpercatinib	RET	MTC	160 twice daily	61% PR	Approved for clinical use	Wirth et al. (2020)
Anlotinib	VEGF, VEGFR, PDGFR, c-Kit, RET	MTC	12mg once daily	56.9% PR	Approved for clinical use	Sun et al. (2018)
Pralsetinib	RET	MTC	400 mg once daily	91%	Approved for clinical use	Markham (2020)
Vandetanib	RET, VEGF, VEGFR	MTC	300 mg once daily	45% PR	Approved for clinical use	Koehler et al. (2021)
Cabozantinib	RET, VEGFR, c-MET	MTC	140 mg once daily	28% PR	Approved for clinical use	Koehler et al. (2021)
Axitinib	VEGF, VEGFR	ATC	5 mg twice daily	30% PR	In clinical trial	Cohen et al. (2014)
Lenvatinib	VEGF, VEGFR, FGFR, RET, c-kit	ATC/MTC	24 mg daily	24%/36% PR	Approved for clinical use	Tahara et al. (2017)
Pazopanib	VEGFR, PDGFR, FGFR, c- kit	MTC	800 mg daily	14% PR	In clinical trial	Bible et al. (2014)
Sorafenib	VEGFR, PDGFR, RET, c-kit, BRAF	MTC	400 mg twice daily	24% PR	Approved for clinical use	Lam et al. (2010)
Sunitinib	VEGFR, GIST, PDGFR, RET, c-kit, CSF-1R, Flt-3	MTC	37.5 mg daily	24% PR	In clinical trial	Carr et al. (2010)

Immunotherapy strategies and therapeutic targets for thyroid cancer under development.
Drug	Therapeutic target	Research progress	Indication	Drug	Therapeutic target	Research progress	Indication
LY3022855	CSF-1R, TAM	In clinical trial	TC	Cemiplimab	PD-1, PD-L1	In clinical trial	ATC
PLX3397 plus Paclitaxel	CSF-1R, TAM	In clinical trial	TC	MLN0128(mTORi)	mTOR1/2	In clinical trial	ATC
LY3022855 plus Tremelimumab or Durvalumab	CSF-1R, TAM, PD-1	In clinical trial	TC	Pembrolizumab	PD-1, PD-L1	Approved for clinical use	ATC
PLX3397 plus Pembrolizumab	CSF-1R, TAM, PD-1	In clinical trial	TC	Trametinib plus Paclitaxel	MEK	In clinical trial	ATC