Table 1.
Summary of Included Studies Focused on the Inpatient Ward Setting*
| First Author | Location | Design | Sample size | Participants | Visitor Policy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dieset I23 | Norway | Cross-sectional survey | 24 | Psychiatric inpatient (female: 69%) | No visitors |
| 140 | Staff in an acute psychiatric inpatient unit (nurses: 67%, physicians or psychologists: 26%, other staff: 7%) | ||||
| Kandori K21 | Japan | Retrospective cohort | 6264 | Adult emergency admissions inpatients (median age: 74, female: 47%%) | No visitors |
| Onwuteaka-Philipsen BD24 | Netherlands | Cross-sectional survey | 241 | Health care professionals (female: 49%) regarding patients who died | Some restriction |
| Feder S26 | United States | Cross-sectional survey | 328 | Next of kin of veterans who died in an inpatient unit (mean age: 76, female: 7%) | No visitors |
| Maaskant JM25 | Netherlands | Cross-sectional survey | 9 | Bedside nurses of inpatient COVID-19 hospital wards (median age: 32, female: 89%) | Some restriction |
COVID-19 = coronavirus disease 2019.
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The “No visitors” designation was reserved for studies that explicitly stated no visitors were allowed under any circumstances, per hospital policy. Gender and mean or median age reported as available.