Table 3.
Selected examples of various textile-based energy harvesters fabricated via top-down and bottom-up strategies
| Harvester type | Material/Type | Fabrication | Features | Max power | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar | CuI, ZnO,Dye, Cu, PBT wire | Chemical plating/electroplating | Flexible | 0.4 mW | (Chen et al., 2016) |
| PCBM, Perroveskite, PEDOT:PSS, CNT | Printed/coated (top down) | Flexible | 12.69 mA/cm2 Jsc 0.82 V Voc |
(Jung et al., 2018) | |
| BFC | GOx + BOD on SWCNT-PEDOT:PSS yarn | Bi-scrolled yarn (bottom up) | Flexible | 1.5 mW/cm2 | (Kwon et al., 2014) |
| LOx + Ag2O on MWCNT | Printed, drop casting (top down) | Flexible, stretchable | 250 uW/cm2 | (Chen et al., 2019; Lv et al., 2018) | |
| PENG | Carbon black, PVDF, polyethylene fiber | Melt-spun (bottom up) | Flexible, washable | 8 uW | (Lund et al., 2018) |
| PZT, Ag nanoparticles | Printed, die pressed (top down) | Flexible | 0.45 uW/cm3 | (Almusallam et al., 2017) | |
| TENG | Cu/PTFE strips | Cut strips, woven (bottom up) | Flexible | 0.8 mW | (Chen et al., 2016) |
| Ni/Parylene | Electroless/chemical vapor deposition (top down) | Flexible, washable | 4 mW | (Pu et al., 2016b) | |
| TEG | SWCNT, PEI yarn | Colloidal gelation extrusion | Flexible, washable | 0.1 uW | (Ding et al., 2020) |
| PEDOT:SS, Na(NiETT), PVDF | Printed (top down) | Flexible, washable | 0.5 nW | (Elmoughni et al., 2019) |