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. 2022 Apr 25;7:137. doi: 10.1038/s41392-022-00981-5

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — The progesterone-PGR axis promotes innate antiviral signaling. a Effects of progesterone on transcription of antiviral genes. BMDCs or T-47D cells were treated with the indicated doses of P4 for 1 h and then infected with SeV for 6 h before qPCR analysis of mRNA levels of the indicated antiviral genes. b Effects of progesterone on IFN-γ-induced transcription of IRF1 gene. BMDCs or T-47D cells were treated with the indicated doses of P4 for 1 h and then stimulated with IFN-γ (100 ng/ml) for 6 h before qPCR analysis of IRF1 mRNA level. c Effects of progesterone on transcription of antiviral genes in Pgr^+/+ and Pgr^−/− BMDCs. Pgr^+/+ and Pgr^−/− BMDCs were treated with P4 (1 μM) for 1 h and then infected with SeV for 6 h before qPCR analysis of mRNA levels of the indicated genes. d Effects of progesterone on transcription of antiviral genes in PGR-knockout cells. The control and PGR-knockout T-47D cells were treated with P4 (1 μM) for 1 h and then infected with SeV for 6 h before qPCR analysis of mRNA levels of the indicated genes. e Effects of progesterone treatment on virus-induced activation of IRF3 in control and PGR-knockout T-47D cells. The control and PGR-knockout T-47D cells were treated with P4 (1 μM) for 1 h, and then left uninfected or infected with SeV for the indicated times before immunoblotting analysis with the indicated antibodies. Data shown in a-d are mean ± SD (n = 3) from one representative experiment, which was repeated for at least two times with similar results. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001