TABLE 1.
Differentially expressed miRNAs involved in DENV infection and their targetsa.
| MicroRNA | Virus-types | Host system | Target | Effect | References |
| ↓ miR-484 | DENV-1, DENV-2 (New Guinea C strain), DENV-4 | Vero | ↑ Viral 3′UTR | Promote virus replication | Castrillón-Betancur and Urcuqui-Inchima, 2017 |
| ↓ miR-744 | DENV-1, DENV-2 (New Guinea C strain), DENV-4 | Vero | ↑ Viral 3′UTR | Promote virus replication | Castrillón-Betancur and Urcuqui-Inchima, 2017 |
| ↓ miR-133a | DENV-1, DENV-2 (New Guinea C strain), DENV-4 | Vero | ↑ Viral 3′UTR | Promote virus replication | Castillo et al., 2016 |
| ↑ miR-548 g-3p | DENV-1 (Hawaii strain), DENV-2 (New Guinea C strain), DENV-3 (Philippine H87 strain), DENV-4 (GZ/9809/2012 strain) | U937 | ↓ Viral 5’UTR | Inhibit virus replication | Wen et al., 2015 |
| ↑ aae-miR-281 | DENV-2 (New Guinea C strain) | C6/36 | ↑ Viral 5′UTR | Promote virus replication | Zhou et al., 2014 |
| ↑ miR-21 | DENV-2 (16681 strain) | HepG2 | Viral NS1 (predictive) | Promote virus replication | Miranda et al., 2006; Kanokudom et al., 2017 |
| ↑ aae-miR-252 | DENV-2 (New Guinea C strain) | C6/36 | ↓ Viral E | Inhibit virus replication | Yan et al., 2014 |
| ↓ miR-223 | DENV-2 (TR1751 strain) | EAhy926 | ↑ STMN1 | Promote virus replication | Wu et al., 2014 |
| ↑ miR-146a | DENV-2 (New Guinea C strain) | Primary human monocytes, THP-1 |
↓ TRAF6 | Promote virus replication Biomarker | Wu et al., 2013; Xie et al., 2021 |
| ↑ aae-miR-927 | DENV-2 (New Guinea C strain) | C6/36 | ↓ FLN | Promote virus replication | Avila-Bonilla et al., 2020 |
| ↓ miR-155 | DENV-2 (PL046 strain) | Huh-7 | ↑ BACH1 | Promote virus replication | Su et al., 2020 |
| ↑ miR-148a | DENV-2 (New Guinea C strain), DENV-NS1 |
CHME3 | ↓ USP33 | Promote virus replication Promote inflammation |
Mishra et al., 2020 |
| ↑ aae-miR-375 | DENV-2 (New Guinea C strain) | Aag2 | ↑ CACTUS ↓ REL1 |
Promote virus replication | Hussain et al., 2013 |
| ↑ aae-miR-4728-5p | DENV-2 (New Guinea C strain) | C6/36 | — | Promote virus replication | Su et al., 2017 |
| ↑ mir-150 | DENV-2 (New Guinea C strain) | PBMCs from DHF patients | ↓ SOCS1 | Biomarker | Chen et al., 2014 |
| ↑ let-7c | DENV-2 (New Guinea C strain), DENV4 (V3361–1956 strain) |
Huh7, U937-DC-SIGN |
↓ BACH1 | Inhibit virus replication | Escalera-Cueto et al., 2015 |
| ↑ miR-30e* | DENV-1 (Hawaii strain), DENV-2 ( New Guinea C strain), DENV-3 (H241 strain) |
HeLa, U937, PBMCs | ↓ IκBα | Inhibit virus replication | Jiang et al., 2012; Zhu et al., 2014 |
| miR-34a | DENV-2 (New Guinea C strain) | HeLa | ↓ Wnt/β-catenin pathway | Inhibit virus replication | Smith et al., 2017 |
| ↑ miR-3614-5p | DENV-2 (16681 strain) | Primary human macrophages | ↓ ADAR1 | Inhibit virus replication | Diosa-Toro et al., 2017 |
| ↓ miR-378 | DENV-infected patients | Natural killer cells | ↑ GrzB | Inhibit virus replication | Liu et al., 2016 |
| ↑ miR-424 | DENV-2 (New Guinea C strain) | HeLa | ↓ SIAH1 | Inhibit virus replication | Smith et al., 2017; Murphy Schafer et al., 2020 |
a – The specific target of this miRNA has not been reported.
miRNAs are derived from human/mouse cells, unless otherwise noted.
↑ miRNA/gene expression is increased after a particular virus infection.
↓ miRNA/gene expression is decreased after a particular virus infection.
STMN1, Stathmin 1; TRAF6, TNFR-associated factor 6; FLN, Filamin; BACH1, BTB domain and CNC homolog 1; SOCS1, Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1; USP33, Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 33; IκBα, I kappa B alpha; ADAR1, Adenosine deaminase acting on RNA 1; GrzB, Granzyme B; SIAH1, Siah E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1.