Table 1.

The search strategy and PICOS tool.

Search Strategy
Focused Question	Are CSBSs sealers effective in improving the clinical and radiographic outcomes of endodontically treated permanent teeth in comparison to RBSs?
Search strategy
Population (#1)	(Permanent Dentition [MeSH] OR Adult Dentition [Text Word] OR Secondary Dentition [Text Word] OR Permanent teeth [Text Word] OR Teeth [Text Word] OR Root Canal Obturation [MeSH]
Intervention (#2)	(Bioceramic sealer [Text Word] OR Endosequence BC [Text Word] OR iRoot Plus [Text Word] OR MTA Fillapex [Text Word] OR Totalfill BC [Text Word] OR tricalcium phosphate [Text Word] OR tricalcium phosphate ceramic sealer [Text Word] OR Calcium silicate sealer [Text Word] OR Calcium phosphate sealer [Text Word] OR Endodontic sealer [Text Word] OR Root canal sealer [Text Word])
Comparisons (#3)	(Epoxy resin-based root canal sealer [Text Word] OR AH Plus [Text Word] OR Adseal [Text Word] OR AH 26 [Text Word])
Outcomes (#4)	(Success [Text Word] Pain [Text Word] OR Pain intensity [Text Word] OR medication [Text Word] OR duration [Text Word] OR Visual analogue scale [MeSH] OR Heft Parker Visual Analog Scale [Text Word] OR Apical healing [Text Word])
Study design (#5)	(Clinical trials [MeSH] OR randomized controlled studies [Text Word] OR randomized control trials [MeSH] OR randomized control clinical trial MeSH OR non-randomized control trials [Text Word] OR Quasi experimental studies [Text Word] OR before and after study design [Text Word] OR cohort studies [Text Word] OR in vivo study [Text Word])
Search Combination	#1 AND #2 AND #3 AND #4 AND #5
Database search
Language	No restriction
Electronic Databases	PubMed/MEDLINE, DOAJ, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science
Journals	Journal of Endodontics, International Endodontic Journal, Australian Endodontic Journal, Clinical Oral Investigations, Journal of Conservative Dentistry, Journal of American Dental Association
Period of Publication	1 January 2011 to 31 January 2021