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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Apr 25.
Published in final edited form as: J Health Commun. 2014 Mar 27;19(11):1259–1277. doi: 10.1080/10810730.2013.872725

Table 3.

Perceived barriers to colorectal cancer screening, by patient cluster

Item Cluster 1: Ready screeners Cluster 2: Fearful avoiders Cluster 3: Cautious screeners p *
n M SD n M SD n M SD
Cost is prohibitive The cost of having a colon screening test keeps me from getting one. 50 1.24 2.81 29 3.21 4.03 20 1.20 1.99 .018
No transportation It would be hard getting someone to take me to and from the testing location. 51 2.08 3.22 31 1.61 2.35 20 1.50 2.50 .660
No time off It would be hard taking the time off from work to get screened. 51 0.20 0.69 31 1.90 3.15 20 0.45 0.83 .000
No child care It would be hard finding someone to care for my children. 51 1.02 2.34 31 2.19 3.28 20 0.55 1.10 .045
No adult care It would be hard finding someone to care for adults I take care of. 51 0.76 2.00 31 2.26 3.38 20 0.90 1.55 0.24
Too much bother For me, preparing for the test is too much bother. 51 2.49 2.88 31 4.13 2.96 20 2.50 2.56 .032
Too unfamiliar For me, the whole screening process is so unfamiliar, I don’t want to do it. 51 2.24 3.47 31 4.39 3.73 20 1.70 3.20 .010
Embarrassing I would find the screening test to be too embarrassing. 51 1.78 3.10 30 4.53 3.63 20 2.15 3.12 .001
Not best method I don’t think colonoscopy is the best method for detecting colon problems. 51 1.31 1.58 31 3.55 3.48 20 2.10 2.38 .001
Scared to know It scares me to think that I might find out I have cancer and this keeps me from having a colon screening. 51 1.98 2.71 31 5.81 3.66 20 1.65 3.00 .000
Worry about sedation I worry about getting medicine to make me sleepy to have the colonoscopy test. 51 1.41 2.72 31 1.97 3.14 20 2.10 3.21 .577
Worry about pain I’m concerned that the screening test might be painful. 51 2.69 3.64 31 6.35 3.56 20 3.60 3.65 .000
Worry about complications Although I know it is very rare, I am worried that I could have a serious complication. 51 3.04 3.27 31 4.94 2.86 20 2.90 3.08 .018
Women more willing In general, I think women are more willing than men to have a colonoscopy. 51 7.37 3.62 30 7.60 3.49 20 7.70 3.51 .927
Don’t want rectum probe I wouldn’t want to have a colonoscopy because they would be putting something in my rectum. 51 2.12 3.51 31 5.48 4.13 20 2.50 3.55 .000
Seems sexual Having a colonoscopy seems sexual. 50 0.34 1.64 30 2.70 3.70 20 0.50 1.10 .000

Note. Scale base = 0–10; the larger the values, the more agreement with the statement.

*

p value for analysis of variance test of mean differences across types of patients.