Table 2. Patients’ descriptive characteristics.
| Patients characteristics (N=258) | |||||
| Age (y), median(iqr) | 33,0(21,0) | ||||
| Follow-up (m), median(iqr) | 19,5(22,0) | ||||
| Gender, n% | Male | 182/249(73,1%) | |||
| Female | 67/249(26,9%) | ||||
| Hand dominance, n% | Non-dominant | 51/104(49,4%) | |||
| Dominant | 53/104(50,6%) | ||||
| Intra-articular, n% | No | 195/258(75,6%) | |||
| Yes | 63/258(24,4%) | ||||
| Type of injury, n% | Blast | 6/210(2,9%) | |||
| Building collapse | 1/210(0,5%) | ||||
| Fall | 40/210(19,0%) | ||||
| GSW | 4/210(1,9%) | ||||
| Industrial | 26/210(12,4%) | ||||
| MVA | 122/210(58,1%) | ||||
| Roller | 5/210(2,4%) | ||||
| Unknown | 6/210(2,9%) | ||||
| Type of fracture, n% | Open | 132/258(51,2%) | |||
| Closed | 126/258(48,8%) | ||||
| Nerve damage, n% | No | 168/258(65,1%) | |||
| Yes | 90/258(34,9%) | ||||
| Radial | 47/90(52,2%) | ||||
| Ulnar | 14/90(15,6%) | ||||
| Median | 4/90(4,4%) | ||||
| Brachial | 7/90(7,8%) | ||||
| Multiple | 18/90(20,0%) | ||||
| Vascular damage, n% | No | 221/240(92,1%) | |||
| Yes | 19/240(7,9%) | ||||
| Brachial | 12/19(63,2%) | ||||
| Axillary | 1/19(5,2%) | ||||
| Radial | 2/19(10,2%) | ||||
| Ulnar | 2/19(10,2%) | ||||
| Multiple | 2/19(10,2%) | ||||
| Time to fixation (h), median(iqr) | 19,0(137,0) | ||||
| Use of ExFix, n% | No | 167/196(85,2%) | |||
| Yes | 29/196(14,8%) | ||||
| Duration of Exfix (m), median(iqr) | 0,5(0,87) | ||||
| Treatment of humerus fx | Amputation | 5/258(1,9%) | |||
| Arthroplasty | 2/258(0,8%) | ||||
| CRPP | 11/258(4,3%) | ||||
| ExFix | 19/258(7,4%) | ||||
| Immobilization | 30/258(11,6%) | ||||
| Intramedullary Nail | 48/258(18,6%) | ||||
| ORIF | 143/258(55,4%) | ||||
| Treatment of forearm fx | Amputation | 5/258(1,9%) | |||
| Arthroplasty | 3/258(1,2%) | ||||
| CRPP | 10/258(3,4%) | ||||
| ExFix | 23/258(8,9%) | ||||
| Immobilization | 22/258(8,5%) | ||||
| Intramedullary Nail | 12/258(4,7%) | ||||
| ORIF | 183/258(70,9%) | ||||
| Associated injuries, n% | No | 80/215(37,2%) | |||
| Yes | 135/215(62,8%) | ||||
| Ipsilateral injury | 32/135(23,7%) | ||||
| Polytrauma | 88/135(65,2%) | ||||
| Both | 15/135(11,1%) | ||||
| Head injury, n% | No | 80/108(74,1%) | |||
| Yes | 28/108(25,9%) | ||||
| Infection, n% | No | 210/240(87,5%) | |||
| Yes | 30/240(12,5%) | ||||
| Compartment syndrome, n% | No | 255/258(98,8%) | |||
| Yes | 3/258(1,2%) | ||||
| Amputation, n% | No | 252/258(97,7%) | |||
| Yes | 6/258(2,3%) | ||||
| Union, n% | No | 54/258(20,9%) | |||
| Non-union | 33/54(61,1%) | ||||
| Delayed union | 9/54(16,7%) | ||||
| Mal union | 3/54(5,6%) | ||||
| Pseudo | 8/54(14,8%) | ||||
| Re-fracture | 1/54(1,8%) | ||||
| Yes | 204/258(79,1%) | ||||
| Time to union (m), median(iqr) | 4,00(4,18) | ||||
| Heterotopic ossification, n% | No | 208/252(82,5%) | |||
| Yes | 44/252(17,5%) | ||||
| Re-operation, n% | No | 147/214(68,7%) | |||
| Yes | 67/214(31.3%) | ||||
| Pain, n% | No | 83/116(71,6%) | |||
| Yes | 33/116(28,4%) | ||||
| Mobilization, w | 2,0(2,0) | ||||
| Flexion (o), median(iqr) | 120,0(40,0) | ||||
| Extension (o), median(iqr) | 0,0(15,0) | ||||
| Supination (o), median(iqr) | 80,0(55,0) | ||||
| Pronation (o), median(iqr) | 70,0(52,5) | ||||
| MEPS score | 75,0(25,75)* | ||||
| Excellent | 22/69(31,9%) | ||||
| Good | 15/69(21,7%) | ||||
| Fair | 16/69(23,2%) | ||||
| Poor | 16/69(23,2%) | ||||
| Khalfayan score | 80,5(23,0)* | ||||
| Excellent | 15/41(36,6%) | ||||
| Good | 7/41(17,1%) | ||||
| Fair | 14/41(34,1%) | ||||
| Poor | 5/41(12,2%) |
iqr=interquartile; y=years; m=months; w=weeks; h=hours; mva=motor vehicle accident; gsw=gunshot wound; fx=fracture; exfix=external fixation; *=overall score