Table 4:

Associations of neighborhood environment measures (independent variable) with 10-year changes in accelerometer-based activity minutes/day (dependent variable), the CARDIA Study, 2005–2016 (N=892)

	Self-reported Neighborhood Cohesion		Self-reported Neighborhood Resources		Objectively Measured Neighborhood Poverty		Objectively Measured Racial Segregation
	Beta (95% CI)	p-value	Beta (95% CI)	p-value	Beta (95% CI)	p-value	Beta (95% CI)	p-value
ΔSedentary
Model 1	−4.49 (−9.91, 0.94)	0.105	4.85 (−0.65, 10.35)	0.084	−3.77 (−9.97, 2.43)	0.233	−4.78 (−10.95, 1.39)	0.128
Model 2	−4.54 (−10.00, 0.91)	0.102	4.88 (−0.66, 10.41)	0.084	−3.32 (−9.54, 2.90)	0.295	−4.16 (−10.36, 2.04)	0.188
ΔALPA
Model 1	3.19 (−1.76, 8.15)	0.207	−2.34 (−7.38, 2.69)	0.361	3.66 (−2.01, 9.32)	0.205	5.45 (−0.18, 11.08)	0.058
Model 2	3.15 (−1.81, 8.12)	0.213	−2.24 (−7.31, 2.82)	0.385	3.12 (−2.56, 8.79)	0.281	4.80 (−0.85, 10.46)	0.096
ΔAMVPA
Model 1	0.60 (−0.86, 2.05)	0.421	0.59 (−0.89, 2.06)	0.436	−0.95 (−2.61, 0.71)	0.262	0.08 (−1.57, 1.74)	0.921
Model 2	0.59 (−0.88, 2.05)	0.432	0.50 (−0.99, 1.99)	0.508	−0.87 (−2.54, 0.80)	0.309	0.18 (−1.49, 1.84)	0.834

Models expressed per 1 SD of neighborhood cohesion (3.5 units), neighborhood resources (1.4 units), neighborhood poverty (10.6%), or racial segregation (2.6 units). Change in accelerometer-based activity calculated as year 30 minus year 20. Model 1 adjusted for baseline (year 20) center, age, race, sex, education, employment status, family income, the baseline activity of interest (i.e. Δsedentary model adjusted for baseline sedentary time), and 10-year change in total accelerometer wear time. Model 2 additionally adjusted for smoking status, alcohol consumption, and depressive symptoms.