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. 2022 Apr 4;13:809139. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.809139

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Copyright © 2022 Wang, Nan, Zhao, Jiang, Wang, Zhang, Hua, Liu, Yang, Yao and Xiong.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Changes in α- and β-diversity as well as composition of fecal microbiota in subclinical mastitic cows after inulin treatment. (A) Shannon and (B) Chao 1 index were the α-diversity indices, which reflected the diversity and richness of fecal microbiota, respectively. ^a,bDifferent letters differed significantly (p < 0.05). (C) Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) and (D) principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) based on Bray–Curtis represented β-diversity, which displayed the profile of fecal microbial communities among groups. (E,F) Fecal microbiota composition at phylum and genus levels, respectively. Con, control group; Inu_1, inulin_1 group, the inulin addition level was 100 g/day per cow; Inu_2, inulin_2 group, the inulin addition level was 200 g/day per cow; Inu_3, inulin_3 group, the inulin addition level was 300 g/day per cow; Inu_4, inulin_4 group, the inulin addition level was 400 g/day per cow.