EXHIBIT 4.

Immigrant essential workers and their household members likely forgoing Medicaid and nutrition assistance because of the public charge rule change, by geographical area, 2019

	Likely to forgo Medicaid				Likely to forgo SNAP
	Immigrant essential workers		Household members		Immigrant essential workers		Household members
Geographical area	Estimate	Range	Estimate	Range	Estimate	Range	Estimate	Range
Arizona	11,003	6,602–15,404	46,690	28,014–65,366	10,744	6,446–15,041	26,823	16,094–37,552
California	160,728	96,437–225,019	537,033	322,220–751,846	90,015	54,009–126,020	224,940	134,964–314,916
New Mexico	2,892	1,735–4,048	11,951	7,170–16,731	3,038	1,823–4,253	5,636	3,381–7,890
Texas	14,618	8,771 −20,465	195,794	117,477–274,112	52,541	31,525–73,557	144,639	86,784–202,495
United States	394,134	236,481–551,788	1,688,352	1,013,011–2,363,692	392,455	235,473–549,436	883,393	530,036–1,236,750

SOURCE Authors’ analysis of data from the American Community Survey, 2019. NOTES Immigrant essential workers are noncitizens and naturalized US citizens employed in essentialjobs. Household members of immigrant essential workers are people other than immigrant essential workers residing in households with an immigrant essential worker. Immigrant essential workers and their household members were defined as at risk from the public charge rule change if any household member was a noncitizen. Estimates are based on the assumption that the rule change would result in 25 percent (range: 15–35 percent) of at-risk people forgoing public benefits. SNAP is Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program.