Table 3. Preventive behaviors of MVP COVID-19 Survey responders during COVID-19 pandemic.
| Behaviors and Public Health Practices | All Responders | Self-reported Positive | Gender | Age (years) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No | Yes | Male | Female | <55 | 55–64 | 65–74 | ≥75 | |||
| N = 58,159 | N = 13,559 | N = 446 | N = 52,737 | N = 4,865 | N = 5,063 | N = 8,260 | N = 25,292 | N = 18,625 | ||
| Used a face mask or other face covering in public | Prevalence | 92.4 | 91.9 | 97.4 | 92.4 | 93.6 | 88.6 | 91.4 | 92.9 | 93.6 |
| OR (95%CI)* | 1.0 (Ref.) | 4.02* (2.07–7.82) | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.62* (1.22–2.14) | 0.74* (0.57–0.95) | 0.94 (0.76–1.15) | 1.04 (0.91–1.20) | 1.0 (Ref.) | ||
| Used gloves in public | Prevalence | 35.3 | 34.8 | 43.9 | 35.1 | 37.8 | 32.7 | 36.9 | 36.6 | 33.6 |
| OR (95%CI)* | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.44* (1.18–1.75) | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.13 (0.99–1.29) | 1.04 (0.89–1.21) | 1.23* (1.10–1.38) | 1.21* (1.12–1.38) | 1.0 (Ref.) | ||
| Washed your hands with soap or used hand sanitizer several times a day | Prevalence | 91.4 | 90.5 | 96.2 | 91.3 | 94.0 | 92.8 | 91.7 | 91.6 | 91.2 |
| OR (95%CI)* | 1.0 (Ref.) | 2.66* (1.58–4.46) | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.45* (1.11–1.89) | 1.22 (0.93–1.59) | 1.31* (1.07–1.61) | 1.06 (0.93–1.21) | 1.0 (Ref.) | ||
| Cleaned high touch surfaces like door handles, counters, faucets, and remote controls | Prevalence | 56.1 | 56.1 | 69.5 | 54.9 | 70.0 | 66.2 | 63.2 | 56.7 | 50.1 |
| OR (95%CI)* | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.59* (1.29–1.97) | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.80* (1.56–2.09) | 2.07* (1.78–2.42) | 1.83* (1.63–2.05) | 1.45* (1.34–1.56) | 1.0 (Ref.) | ||
| Practiced social distancing (avoiding contact with anyone outside of the home) | Prevalence | 90.7 | 89.0 | 94.8 | 90.7 | 92.1 | 88.1 | 91.2 | 91.3 | 91.0 |
| OR (95%CI)* | 1.0 (Ref.) | 2.24* (1.44–3.50) | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.37* (1.08–1.73) | 0.91 (0.72–1.14) | 1.24* (1.03–1.50) | 1.16* (1.03–1.32) | 1.0 (Ref.) | ||
| Avoided contact with people who could be high-risk | Prevalence | 70.8 | 70.1 | 71.4 | 70.5 | 75.7 | 72.2 | 72.1 | 71.2 | 69.8 |
| OR (95%CI)* | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.01 (0.82–1.26) | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.45* (1.24–1.70) | 1.30* (1.10–1.53) | 1.26* (1.12–1.43) | 1.13* (1.04–1.23) | 1.0 (Ref.) | ||
| Avoided eating at restaurants | Prevalence | 76.0 | 73.7 | 75.1 | 75.7 | 80.4 | 72.7 | 75.2 | 76.7 | 76.7 |
| OR (95%CI)* | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.07 (0.85–1.34) | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.65* (1.40–1.94) | 0.92 (0.78–1.08) | 0.96 (0.85–1.09) | 1.06 (0.97–1.16) | 1.0 (Ref.) | ||
| Avoided public spaces, gatherings, or crowds | Prevalence | 78.6 | 77.5 | 78.4 | 78.3 | 83.2 | 74.7 | 77.0 | 78.8 | 80.5 |
| OR (95%CI)* | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.09 (0.85–1.38) | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.52* (1.28–1.80) | 0.78* (0.66–0.92) | 0.95 (0.83–1.09) | 0.96 (0.88–1.06) | 1.0 (Ref.) | ||
| Avoided gatherings of more than 50 people | Prevalence | 82.9 | 80.2 | 79.3 | 82.6 | 87.4 | 81.6 | 82.3 | 83.4 | 83.3 |
| OR (95%CI)* | 1.0 (Ref.) | 0.93 (0.73–1.19) | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.64* (1.36–1.99) | 1.04 (0.86–1.25) | 1.14 (0.99–1.31) | 1.09 (0.99–1.20) | 1.0 (Ref.) | ||
| Cancelled doctor’s appointments | Prevalence | 41.1 | 38.9 | 44.1 | 40.8 | 45.7 | 40.6 | 40.2 | 41.9 | 40.7 |
| OR (95%CI)* | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.25* (1.03–1.51) | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.43* (1.25–1.63) | 1.04 (0.90–1.20) | 1.03 (0.92–1.15) | 1.10* (1.01–1.18) | 1.0 (Ref.) | ||
Abbreviations: OD (95%CI): Odds Ratio (95% Confident Interval); Ref.: reference group.
*P<0.05, mutually adjustment of gender (male, female, missing), age (years: <55, 55–64, 65–74, 75+, missing) and self-reported COVID positive (no, yes, non-response) applying logistic regression model; number of missing of gender: 557; missing of age: 919; and non-response of self-reported status of COVID-19: 44,154.