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. 2021 Sep 9;11(45):28433–28446. doi: 10.1039/d1ra05075c

The quantum descriptors consisting of ionization potential (IP), electron affinity (EA), HOMO and LUMO orbital energies (EH and EL) of the four dyes in gas, ethanol, acetone and water phases.

Solvents Dye IP EA ΔEHL ΔEH ΔEL η μ ω ω + ω
Gas phase Dye A 6.08 3.13 2.97 1.28 0.87 1.48 4.61 14.34 5.07 9.68
Dye B 5.89 2.69 3.20 1.09 1.31 1.60 4.29 11.50 3.81 8.10
Dye C 6.34 3.42 2.92 1.55 0.57 1.46 4.88 16.31 5.90 10.79
Dye D 5.63 2.48 3.15 0.83 1.52 1.58 4.06 10.44 3.39 7.44
Ethanol phase Dye A 5.96 3.01 2.95 1.16 0.99 1.48 −4.49 13.64 4.76 9.25
Dye B 5.77 2.69 3.08 0.97 1.31 1.54 −4.23 11.62 3.89 8.18
Dye C 6.06 3.22 2.84 1.26 0.78 1.42 −4.64 15.16 5.44 10.08
Dye D 5.70 2.65 3.05 0.90 1.35 1.53 −4.18 11.43 3.82 7.99
Acetone phase Dye A 5.97 3.01 2.96 1.17 0.99 1.48 −4.49 13.62 4.75 9.24
Dye B 5.72 2.63 3.10 0.92 1.38 1.55 −4.17 11.22 3.72 7.89
Dye C 6.03 3.16 2.87 1.23 0.84 1.44 −4.60 9.83 5.24 9.83
Dye D 5.70 2.65 3.05 0.90 1.35 1.53 −4.18 11.43 3.82 7.99
Water phase Dye A 5.96 3.00 2.96 1.16 1.00 1.48 −4.48 13.56 4.73 9.21
Dye B 5.78 2.71 3.07 0.98 1.29 1.54 −4.25 11.74 3.94 8.18
Dye C 6.07 3.23 2.84 1.27 0.77 1.42 −4.65 13.23 5.47 10.12
Dye D 5.70 2.66 3.04 0.90 1.34 1.52 −4.18 11.50 3.85 8.03