Scheme 50. Recent applications of biocatalytic sp³ C–H functionalisation in alkaloid synthesis: (a) α-alkylation of N-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline (382) using cytochrome P411 variants, (b) terminal hydroxylation of amino acid 387 catalysed by an iron(ii)/α-ketoglutarate-dependent oxidase, GriE.