Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of UCNPs@Bi@SiO₂@GE HP-lips for NIR-triggered drug release. (A) The fabrication procedure of UCNPs@Bi@SiO₂@GE HP-lips. As proposed, hydrophilic UCNPs@Bi@SiO₂ and lipophilic drug GE were loaded in the aqueous core and lipid bilayer of the liposome frameworks, respectively. Cell penetrating peptide PNT and retina-targeted ligand HA were conjugated by amidation reaction in the preformed liposome bilayer. (B) Upon NIR irradiation, UCNPs@Bi@SiO₂ in the aqueous core of the liposomal platform could generate mild heat, which realized real-time green UCL monitoring and photothermally triggered drug release.