Table 1.
Clinical Characteristics of Duloxetine-induced SIADH.
| Age/ Sex |
Duloxetine dosage (mg) | Initial symptoms | Number of medications (n) | Concomitant medications | Medical history | Risk factors | Time to disease onset (days) | Serum sodium level at onset (mEq/L) | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 92/F | 20 | Headache, fatigue | 6 | Loxoprofen, verapamil, lansoprazole, furosemide, magnesium oxide, zolpidem | Chronic heart failure, osteoarthritis of the lumbar spine | Elderly, female sex, low body weight, history of hyponatremia | 5 | 112 | Present case (2021) |
| 86/F | 20 | Low back pain, nausea, disorientation | 8 | Trichlormethiazide, tocopherol, oxybutynin, diphenidol, benidipine, domperidone, thiazolam, lorazepam | HL, dizziness, aphasia | Elderly, female sex, mental illness | 6 | 116 | 6 |
| 85/F | 60 | Disorientation | 0 | None | Major depression | Elderly, female sex, mental illness | 6 | 110 | 7 |
| 85/F | 20 | Headache, anorexia | Unknown | Oral hypoglycemic agents (details unknown) | DM, diabetic neuropathy | Elderly, female sex, low body weight | 7 | 118 | 8 |
| 79/F | 50 | Headache, anorexia | 5 | Benidipine, valsartan, quetiapine, ramelteon, clonazepam | HT, HL, and old tuberculosis | Elderly, female sex, mental illness | 10 | 118 | 9 |
| 78/F | 40 | Disorientation | 0 | None | None | Elderly, female sex, mental illness | 5 | 119 | 10 |
| 78/M | 60 | Headache, nausea | 3 | Titropium, amlodipine, gabapentin | HL, COPD, herpetic neuralgia | Elderly, low body weight, COPD | 1 | 125 | 11 |
| 77/F | Unknown (20 or 30) | Headache, nausea | 6 | Warfarin, zolpidem, telmisartan | Deep vein thrombosis, HT, HL, restlessness | Elderly, female sex | 1 | 119 | 1 |
| 76/F | 30 | Fatigue, nausea | 4 | Aspirin, pantoprazole, polyethylene glycol, quinapril | Neuromuscular pain, DM, HL | Elderly, female sex | 1 | 124 | 12 |
| 76/F | 30 | Muscle weakness, nausea, vomiting, disorientation | 2 | Metoprolol, metformin | DM | Female sex | 3 | 113 | 13 |
| 75/M | 30 | Lethargy, nausea, headache | 1 | Pregabalin | Neuropathic pain | Elderly | 3 | 118 | 14 |
| 74/F | 20 | Headache, nausea | 2 | Telmisartan, benidipine | HL | Elderly, female sex | 4 | 110 | 2 |
| 74/F | 60 | Nausea, vomiting, headache | 6 | Angiotensin II receptor antagonists, aspirin, NSAIDs, pregabalin, tramadol, acetaminophen | Sciatica | Female sex | 6 | 112 | 3 |
| 68/M | 30 | Dizziness, gait disturbance | 3 | Bupropion, lorazepam, agomelatine | General anxiety disorder, DM, anterior gland hypertrophy | Mental illness | 28 | 127 | 15 |
| 68/F | 60 | Fatigue, nausea | 4 | Gabapentin, warfarin, zolpidem, oxycodone | Sciatica, lumbar radiculopathy | Female sex | 2 | 121 | 4 |
| 66/F | 20 | Fatigue, lethargy | 0 | None | Functional gastrointestinal disorder | Elderly, female sex, mental illness | 3 | 115 | 16 |
| 66/F | 60 | Lethargy, muscle weakness, nausea | More than 1 | Olmesartan, etc. | Epilepsy, heart disease, HT, HL, depression | Female sex, mental illness | 90 | 129 | 5 |
| 58/M | 30 | Tingling sensation, pain in extremities, anxiety, depressed mood, insomnia | 0 | None | None | Low body weight | 5 | 122 | 17 |
| 50/F | 60 | Seizure, disturbance of consciousness, polydipsia, polyuria | 1 | Ziprasidone | Major depression | Female sex, mental illness | 10 | 117 | 18 |
| 48/F | 60 | Seizure | 0 | None | None | Female sex, mental illness | 2 | 103 | 19 |
DM: Diabetes mellitus, HT: Hypertension, HL: hyperlipidemia, COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, NSAIDS: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs