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. 2022 Apr 22;6(5):e0713. doi: 10.1097/HS9.0000000000000713

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Copyright © 2022 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the European Hematology Association.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.

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Figure 4. — Blood plasma levels of IL-10 (A), TNF-α (B), IL-6 (C), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) (D), RANTES/CCL5 (E), S100A4 (F), and CXCL10 (G) in patients with ICUS, CCUS, and MDS (N = 111) with and without blood cytopenias. Cytokine levels are shown after log2-transformation. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin <12.0 g/dL for women or <13.0 g/dL for men. Thrombocytopenia was defined as platelets < 150 × 10⁹/L. Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare plasma levels of cytokines in patients with and without blood cytopenia. CCUS = clonal cytopenias of undetermined significance; CXCL10 = C-X-C motif chemokine 10; HR-MDS = higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes; ICUS = idiopathic cytopenias of undetermined significance; IL = interleukin; MDS = lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes; RANTES = regulated on activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted; TNF-α = tumor necrosis factor α.