FGF19 regulation of glucose homeostasis in the liver, brain, and adipose tissue. fibroblast growth factor (FGF), fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), β-Klotho (KLB), FGFR substrate 2 alpha (FRS2α), extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), 90-kDa ribosomal s6 kinase 1 (p90RSK), glycogen synthase kinase (GSK), glucose-6-phophatase (G6pase), phosphoenoylpyruvate kinase (Pepck), cAMP regulatory element-binding protein (CREB), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator (PGC-1α), agouti-related peptide (AgRP), neuropeptide Y (NPY), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), erythroblast transformation specific transcription factor (ELK1), serum response factor (SRF), glucose transporter (GLUT), non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA). Dashed lines represent potential pathways not fully confirmed experimentally.