Table 1.
Bitter melon Juice (BMJ)-treated high fat diet (HFD)-induced obese (DIO) C57BL/6J mice Liver Transcriptome Enrichment Analysis. Signaling pathways were identified from differentially expressed genes in the liver of BMJ + DIO mice via KEGG and Panther pathway enrichment analyses (unadjusted p-value ≤ 0.05). Genes involved in 2 or more KEGG pathways are depicted in bold print. n = 4 per group.
| Pathway | p-value | Genes |
|---|---|---|
| Complement and coagulation cascades | 1.33E-04 | C4b;C4bp;C9;Cfi;C5ar1;F11;Masp2;Masp1;Hc;C8b;C8a;C2 |
| Primary bile acid biosynthesis | 2.71E-03 | Acot8;Amacr;Cyp7a1;Slc27a5 |
| Insulin resistance | 3.37E-03 | Gys2;Slc27a1;Cpt1a;Creb3l3;Pp1r3b;Ppp1r3e;Insr;Trib3;Pik3r1;Slc27a2; Slc27a5 |
| Staphylococcus aureus infection | 3.51E-03 | C4b;Fcgr4;Cfi;C5ar1;Defb1;Masp2;Masp1;Hc;Fcgr2b;C2 |
| RNA polymerase | 3.88E-03 | Polr2b;Polr1a;Polr1b;Polr3f;Polr2l |
| Peroxisome | 4.88E-03 | Acot8;Pex19;Amacr;Acsl1;Pex11a;Mpv17l;Pxmp4;Slc27a2;Ddo |
| Circadian rhythm | 5.29E-03 | Per2;Per3;Rorc;Cry1;Nr1d1 |
| Prion diseases | 9.10E-03 | Hspa5;C9;Hc;C8b;C8a |
| PPAR signaling | 1.63E-02 | Slc27a1;Cpt1a;Acsl1;Cyp4a32;Angptl4;Slc27a2;Cyp7a1; Slc27a5 |
| Choline metabolism in cancer | 3.67E-02 | Slc22a3;Slc22a5;Slc44a2;Dgka;Pik3r1;Plcg1;Plpp3;Gpcpd1 |
| Cholesterol metabolism | 3.91E-02 | Npc1;Osbpl5;Lcat;Angtl4;Cyp7a1 |