Table 1. Frequencies of adverse drug reactions to first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs.
| Adverse drug reactions | INH | RIF | ETB | PZA | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nausea | 633 (24.2) | 743 (28.5) | 625 (23.9) | 610 (23.4) | 2,611 |
| Hepatic enzyme abnormalitya | 670 (26.5) | 649 (25.6) | 544 (21.5) | 668 (26.4) | 2,531 |
| Rashb | 484 (23.2) | 605 (29.0) | 519 (24.8) | 481 (23.0) | 2,089 |
| Pruritis | 418 (25.9) | 493 (30.5) | 358 (22.1) | 348 (21.5) | 1,617 |
| Vomiting | 387 (24.4) | 469 (30.0) | 358 (22.6) | 373 (23.5) | 1,587 |
| Urticaria | 165 (22.3) | 241 (32.6) | 189 (25.5) | 145 (19.6) | 740 |
| Anorexia | 166 (24.0) | 191 (27.6) | 176 (25.4) | 159 (23.0) | 692 |
| Dyspepsia | 164 (26.3) | 182 (29.2) | 144 (23.1) | 133 (21.3) | 623 |
| Dizziness | 144 (24.5) | 168 (28.6) | 149 (25.4) | 126 (21.5) | 587 |
| Arthralgia | 112 (20.3) | 117 (21.2) | 107 (19.3) | 217 (39.2) | 553 |
| Diarrhea | 103 (21.7) | 180 (37.9) | 106 (22.3) | 86 (18.1) | 475 |
| Headache | 112 (24.5) | 126 (27.5) | 120 (26.2) | 100 (21.8) | 458 |
| Fever | 82 (21.1) | 137 (35.3) | 100 (25.8) | 69 (17.8) | 388 |
| Hyperuricemia | 13 (3.8) | 15 (4.4) | 54 (15.7) | 261 (76.1) | 343 |
| Myalgia | 47 (21.0) | 67 (29.9) | 47 (21.0) | 63 (28.1) | 224 |
| Abdominal pain | 50 (23.5) | 64 (30.0) | 52 (24.4) | 47 (22.1) | 213 |
| Malaise | 40 (24.8) | 50 (31.1) | 37 (23.0) | 34 (21.1) | 161 |
| Eosinophilia | 34 (25.0) | 45 (33.1) | 32 (23.5) | 25 (18.4) | 136 |
| Fatigue | 35 (28.0) | 37 (29.6) | 30 (24.0) | 23 (18.4) | 125 |
| Leucopenia | 29 (28.2) | 43 (41.7) | 21 (20.4) | 10 (9.7) | 103 |
| Dyspnea | 21 (22.6) | 35 (37.6) | 21 (22.6) | 16 (17.2) | 93 |
| Thrombocytopenia | 18 (22.0) | 37 (45.1) | 15 (18.3) | 12 (14.6) | 82 |
| Vision abnormality | 11 (14.1) | 15 (19.2) | 42 (53.8) | 10 (12.8) | 78 |
| Tremor | 22 (29.3) | 24 (32.0) | 16 (21.3) | 13 (17.3) | 75 |
| Cachexia | 20 (28.2) | 16 (22.5) | 20 (28.2) | 15 (21.1) | 71 |
| Constipation | 20 (31.7) | 18 (28.6) | 14 (22.2) | 11 (17.5) | 63 |
| Weight decrease | 13 (24.1) | 16 (29.6) | 15 (27.8) | 10 (18.5) | 54 |
Data are shown as numbers (row %).
INH = isoniazid, RIF = rifampicin, ETB = ethambutol, PZA = pyrazinamide.
aHepatic enzyme abnormality includes hepatic enzyme increased, hepatic function abnormal, SGOT increased, SGPT increased ‘jaundice, hepatitis, gamma-GT increased, bilirubinemia, hepatocellular damage, and cholecystitis’; bRash includes ‘rash, rash maculopapular and rash erythematous’.