Table 3.
Clinical characteristics associated with each type of HCoV detection.
| Clinical feature |
HCoV-229E
(N = 86) |
HCoV-OC43
(N = 624) |
HCoV-NL63
(N = 371) |
HCoV-HKU1
(N = 33) |
P-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), median (IQR) | 1.5 (0.0–5.0) | 1.0 (0.0–2.0) | 1.0 (0.0–3.0) | 1.0 (0.0–3.0) | 0.001 |
| Male (%) | 57 (66.3) | 372 (59.6) | 222 (59.8) | 15 (45.5) | 0.227 |
| Diagnosis | |||||
| Upper respiratory infection (%) | 38 (44.2) | 263 (42.1) | 145 (39.1) | 17 (51.5) | 0.455 |
| Pneumonia (%) | 10 (11.6) | 126 (20.2) | 51 (13.8) | 0 (0.0) | 0.001 |
| Acute bronchiolitis (%) | 10 (11.6) | 104 (16.7) | 52 (14.0) | 4 (12.1) | 0.470 |
| Non-specific febrile illness (%) | 18 (20.9) | 78 (12.5) | 42 (11.3) | 8 (24.2) | 0.027 |
| Croup (%) | 3 (3.5) | 14 (2.2) | 62 (16.7) | 2 (6.1) | <0.001 |
| Acute gastroenteritis (%) | 5 (5.8) | 34 (5.5) | 16 (4.3) | 2 (6.1) | 0.774 |
| Asthma attack (%) | 1 (1.2) | 2 (0.3) | 2 (0.5) | 0 (0.0) | 0.525 |
| Encephalitis (%) | 1 (1.2) | 3 (0.5) | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0.434 |
| Viral co-infection (%) | 44 (52.2) | 305 (48.9) | 134 (36.1) | 12 (36.4) | <0.001 |
| History of prematurity or underlying chronic diseases (%) | 20 (23.3) | 148 (23.7) | 102 (27.5) | 7 (21.2) | 0.539 |
IQR, interquartile range.