Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of the study population and kidney outcomes according to kidney pathology
| Variable | N = 26 | n = 20 | n = 6 | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | All patients | IgAN | Non-IgAN diseases | |
| Sex, n (%), male | 21 (80) | 15 (75) | 6 (100) | 0.29 |
| Age, Md (IQR), yr | 75 (62–80) | 75 (63–80) | 72 (54–89) | 0.71 |
| BMI, Md (IQR), kg/m2 | 29.8 (25.7–32.4) | 29.9 (25.4–32.4) | 26.4 (26.4) | 0.73 |
| HTN, n (%) | 24 (92.3) | 18 (90) | 6 (100) | 1 |
| DM, n (%) | 10 (38.5) | 7 (35) | 3 (50) | 0.64 |
| Hepatic cirrhosis, n (%) | 3 (11.5) | 2 (10) | 1 (16.7) | 1 |
| Chronic kidney disease, n (%) | 11 (42.3) | 7 (35) | 4 (66.7) | 0.62 |
| SCr, Md (IQR), mg/dla | 1.1 (0.9–1.4) | 1.1 (0.9–1.4) | 1.3 (1.2–1.4) | 0.69 |
| eGFR, Md (IQR), ml/min per 1.73 m2 | 62 (49–75) | 66 (49–81) | 56 (48–62) | 0.48 |
| Indication for anticoagulant therapy, n (%) | 0.78 | |||
| Arrhythmia | 18 (69.2) | 14 (70) | 4 (66.7) | |
| Thrombotic event | 6 (23.1) | 4 (20) | 2 (33.3) | |
| Prosthetic heart valve | 2 (7.7) | 2 (10) | 0 (0) | |
| Type of anticoagulant, n (%) | 0.41 | |||
| Vitamin K antagonists | 24 (92.3) | 19 (95) | 5 (83.3) | |
| Direct-acting oral anticoagulants | 2 (7.7) | 1 (5) | 1 (16.7) | |
| Anticoagulation length, Md (IQR), mo | 48 (12–89) | 44 (12–84) | 76 (13–152) | 0.37 |
| Hospital admission | ||||
| Gross hematuria, n (%) | 22 (84.6) | 19 (95) | 3 (50) | 0.02 |
| SCr, Md (IQR), mg/dl | 4.2 (2.8–8.2) | 4.0 (2.8–8.2) | 4.6 (2.7–13.2) | 0.63 |
| Peak SCr, Md (IQR), mg/dl | 6.3 (3.8–9.5) | 6.3 (3.8–8.6) | 8.1 (3.8–14.1) | 0.54 |
| Acute dialysis, n (%) | 11 (42.3) | 8 (40) | 3 (50) | 1 |
| INR, Md (IQR) | 2.4 (1.5-3.4) | 2.5 (1.5–3.3) | 2.1 (1.4–5.1) | 0.89 |
| Anticoagulation withdrawal, n (%) | 16 (61.5) | 10 (50) | 6 (100) | 0.053 |
| Anticoagulation restart (at discharge), n (%) | 12 (75) | 8 (40) | 4 (66.7) | 0.60 |
| Immunosuppressive treatment (for AKI), n (%) | 19 (73.1) | 17 (85) | 2 (33.3) | 0.028 |
| Corticosteroids, n (%) | 19 (73.1) | 17 (85) | 2 (33.3) | 0.028 |
| Mycophenolic acid, n (%) | 5 (19.2) | 5 (25) | 0 (0) | 0.54 |
| Kidney function recoveryb | ||||
| Complete recovery, n (%) | 6 (24) | 5 (26.3) | 1 (16.7) | 1 |
| No recovery, n (%) | 19 (76) | 14 (73.7) | 5 (83.3) | 1 |
| Chronic dialysis, n (%) | 7 (28) | 5 (26.3) | 2 (33.3) | 1 |
| Baseline SCr | 1.1 (0.9–1.4) | 1.1 (0.9–1.4) | 1.3 (1.2–1.4) | 0.69 |
| Baseline eGFR | 62 (49–75) | 66 (49-81) | 56 (48–62) | 0.48 |
| Final SCr | 2.2 (1.8–4.5) | 2.2 (1.7–4.5) | 3.0 (1.9–13) | 0.56 |
| Final eGFR | 23 (14–39) | 25 (14–39) | 20 (4–39) | 0.48 |
AKI, acute kidney injury; BMI, body mass index; DM, diabetes mellitus; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HTN, hypertension; IgAN, IgA nephropathy; INR, international normalized ratio; IQR, interquartile range; Md, median; MDRD, Modification of Diet in Renal Disease; SCr, serum creatinine.
Continuous data are expressed as Md (IQR), categorical variables as n (%). eGFR was calculated by MDRD study equation.
a
SCr available in the last 12 weeks before admission.
b
Evaluated at 12 weeks after hospital discharge (missing data in 1 patient).