Table 4.
Differences between patients with complete kidney function recovery and those with no recovery
| Variables | N = 25a | n = 6 | n = 19 | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical | All patients | Complete recovery | No recovery | |
| Sex, n (%), male | 20 (80) | 5 (83.3) | 15 (78.9) | 1 |
| Age, Md (IQR), yr | 76 (63–80) | 69 (62–76) | 76 (65–82) | 0.49 |
| HTN, n (%) | 23 (92) | 5 (83.3) | 18 (94.7) | 0.43 |
| DM, n (%) | 10 (40) | 1 (16.7) | 9 (47.4) | 0.34 |
| Chronic kidney disease, n (%) | 10 (40) | 1 (16.7) | 9 (47.4) | 0.1 |
| SCr, Md (IQR), mg/dlb | 1.1 (0.9–1.4) | 1.1 (0.9–1.1) | 1.2 (0.9–1.4) | 0.44 |
| eGFR, Md (IQR), ml/min per 1.73 m2 | 62 (49–68) | 66 (49–87) | 62 (49–75) | 0.40 |
| Type of anticoagulant, n (%) | 0.43 | |||
| Vitamin K antagonists | 23 (92) | 5 (83.3) | 18 (94.7) | |
| Direct-acting oral anticoagulants | 2 (8) | 1 (16.7) | 1 (5.3) | |
| Anticoagulation length, Md (IQR), mo | 52 (11–90) | 81 (24–93) | 48 (11–85) | 0.39 |
| INR, Md (IQR) | 2.4 (1.6–3.4) | 2.0 (1.6–2.6) | 2.6 (1.7–3.9) | 0.19 |
| AKI stage, n (%) | 0.23 | |||
| Stage 1 | 1 (4) | 0 | 1 (5.3) | |
| Stage 2 | 3 (12) | 2 (33.3) | 1 (5.3) | |
| Stage 3 | 21 (84) | 4 (66.6) | 17 (89.5) | |
| SCr, Md (IQR), mg/dl | 4.1 (2.8–8.3) | 3.4 (2.3–8.3) | 4.1 (3–8.3) | 0.52 |
| Peak SCr, Md (IQR), mg/dl | 5.2 (3.9–8.7) | 6.1 (2.3–10.6) | 7.4 (4.2-9.2) | 0.61 |
| Acute dialysis, n (%) | 11 (44) | 2 (33.3) | 9 (47.4) | 0.66 |
| Gross hematuria, n (%) | 21 (84) | 5 (83.3) | 16 (84.2) | 1 |
| Anticoagulation withdrawal, n (%) | 16 (64) | 2 (33.3) | 14 (73.7) | 0.14 |
| Anticoagulation restart (at discharge), n (%) | 12 (75) | 2 (100) | 10 (71.4) | 1 |
| Immunosuppressive treatment (for AKI), n (%) | 18 (72) | 5 (83.3) | 13 (68.4) | 0.64 |
| Corticosteroids, n (%) | 18 (72) | 5 (83.3) | 13 (68.4) | 1 |
| Mycophenolic acid, n (%) | 5 (20) | 0 | 5 (26.3) | 0.27 |
| Histopathologic6,7,c | ||||
| IgAN vs. non-IgAN | 19/6 | 5/1 | 14/5 | 1 |
| Glomerulosclerosis (0–3) | 1 (0–2) | 1 (0.5–1) | 0 (0–2) | 0.28 |
| IFTA (0–6) | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–4) | 1 |
| Arterio- or arteriolosclerosis (absent vs. present) | 10/11 | 3/1 | 7/10 | 0.31 |
| Total chronicity score (0–10) | 4 (3–5) | 4.5 (3–5) | 4 (3–5) | 0.72 |
AKI, acute kidney injury; DM, diabetes mellitus; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HTN, hypertension; IFTA, Interstitial Fibrosis and Tubular Atrophy; IgAN, IgA nephropathy; INR, international normalized ratio; IQR, interquartile range; Md, median; MDRD, Modification of Diet in Renal Disease; SCr, serum creatinine.
Continuous data are expressed as Md (IQR), categorical variables as n (%).eGFR, calculated by MDRD study equation.
a
1 patient excluded (incomplete follow-up).
b
SCr available in the last 12 weeks before admission.
c
22 of 26 biopsies were centrally evaluated.