Table 2.

Associations between APOL1 high-risk genotypes and renal outcomes

Participant characteristics	N	Univariable			Multivariable
		OR	95% CI	P value	OR	95% CI	P value
Primary outcome
End-stage kidney disease	99	10.31	6.81–15.60	<0.001	10.58	6.22–17.99	<0.001a
Secondary outcomes
Proteinuria (PCR >100 mg/mmol)	67	1.83	0.97–3.46	0.06
Albuminuria (ACR >30 mg/mmol)	99	2.57	1.59–4.17	<0.001	3.34	2.00–5.56	<0.001b
eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2	221	5.65	4.19–7.61	<0.001	5.50	3.81–7.95	<0.001c
FSGS/HIVAN/hypertensive nephropathy (clinical diagnosis)	19	14.64	5.46–39.27	<0.001	12.77	4.46–36.59	<0.001d
FSGS (biopsy confirmed)	15	11.81	4.17–33.39	<0.001	12.86	4.04–40.99	<0.001d
HIVAN (biopsy confirmed)	37	24.49	11.45–52.36	<0.001	30.16	12.48–72.88	<0.001d

ACR, urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio; CVD, cardiovascular disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; FSGS, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HIVAN, HIV-associated nephropathy; OR, odds ratio; PCR, urine protein-to-creatinine ratio.

Models are adjusted for:

^aDemographic (age, sex, and region of ancestry), HIV (AIDS, CD4 cell count), anti-HCV, DM, and CVD.

^bDemographic (age, sex), HIV (Time since HIV diagnosis, AIDS, HIV RNA < 200 copies/ml), DM, and CVD.

^cDemographic (age, sex, and region of ancestry), HIV (Time since HIV diagnosis, AIDS, CD4 cell count), anti-HCV, DM, and CVD.

^dDemographic (age and sex), HIV (AIDS, CD4 cell count), anti-HCV, DM, and CVD.