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. 2022 Apr 12;12:787209. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.787209

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Copyright © 2022 Kumar, Sharma, Adegoke, Kennedy, Tuten, Li and Karim

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Beta diversity metrics. Emperor plot of PCoA analysis of the weighted and unweighted UniFrac distance matrix across (A, B) different life stage and (C, D) tissues of lab raised ticks. Representative PCoA analysis of (E) weighted and (F) unweighted UniFrac distance matrix from field-collected ticks. Each colored ellipse corresponds to uniquely clustering patterns of biological replicates. Each point represents the bacterial microbiome of an individual tick or dissected tissue. UF-unfed, PF-partially fed, SG-salivary gland, MG-midgut, OV-ovary, DE-Delaware, IL-Illinois, MY-Maryland.