Fig. 4.

AOAA treatment modulates CBS expression and reactive astrogliosis in the rat hippocampus in Down syndrome. (A): Immunohistochemical staining of CA1 region of rat hippocampus is shown, so: stratum oriens, sp: stratum pyramidale, sr: stratum radiatum. Coronal brain sections were scanned using the confocal microscope at 40 x magnification using the same acquisition settings between different groups. Immunofluorescence labeling for DAPI (blue), CBS (red), and GFAP (green) is shown. Scale bar represents 60 μm. Quantification of CBS signal intensity (B) and number of astrocytes per section (C) was done using the Imaris software. Data are expressed as mean ± SD of 4–5 animals per experimental condition. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA followed Tukey multiple comparison test, *p ≤ 0.05; **p ≤ 0.01; ***p ≤ 0.001. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)