Table 1.
Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for traits related to cold tolerance in maize.
| References | Population | Number of families or inbred lines | Traits or indicators | Number of QTLs | Chr. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fracheboud et al. (2002) | RILs (Ac7643 × Ac7729/TZ) | 233 | Fv/Fm, ΦPSII, SR, etc. | 18 | 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9 |
| Fracheboud et al. (2004) | F2:3 (ETH-DH7 × ETH-DL3) | 266 | CFP, SDW, SPAD, etc. | 19 | 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 |
| Hund et al. (2004) | F2:4 (Lo964 × Lo1016) | 168 | GI, Fv/Fm, RL, etc. | 60 | 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 |
| Jompuk et al. (2005) | F2:3 (ETH-DH7 × ETH-DL3) | 226 | CFP, SPAD, LA, etc. | 29 | 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 |
| Presterl et al. (2007) | DH (SL × TH) | 720 | LC‘, LP, and FD | 18 | 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 |
| Rodríguez et al. (2008) | RILs (B73 × Mo17) | 302 | LC | 2 | 3, 6 |
| Guerra-Peraza et al. (2012) | RILs (B73 × Mo17) | 295 | Fq'/Fm', Fv/Fm, SPAD, etc. | 19 | 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 |
| Rodríguez et al. (2014) | F2:3 (EP42 × A661) | 210 | DW, ΦPSII, TAC, etc. | 4 | 2, 4, 8 |
| Shi et al. (2016) | RILs (Yu82 × Shen137 and Yu537A × Shen137) | 420 | Gp, GI, MGT, etc. | 26 | 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 |
| Hu et al. (2016) | RILs (B73 × Mo17) | 243 | LTGR and LTPRL | 12 | 4, 5, 6, 7, 9 |
| Yan et al. (2017) | F2:3 (K932 × Mei C) | 207 | LRD, WCS, RRS, etc. | 7 | 1, 2, 3 |
| Li et al. (2018) | F2:3 (220 × PH4CV, 220 × Y1518 and P9-10 × PH4CV) | 650 | ER, GI, RL, etc. | 43 | 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10 |
| Yi et al. (2020) | RILs (MAGIC) | 406 | RLCC, Fv/Fm, SDW, etc. | 62 | 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 |
| Goering et al. (2021) | RILs (B73 × Mo17) | 97 | CC, LC, and TD | 2 | 1, 5 |
| Jin et al. (2021) | Two genetic populations | 290 | PA | 12 | 2, 3 |
MAGIC, Multi-parent advanced generation intercross population; DH, Doubled haploid; Fv/Fm, Maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II; ΦPSII, Quantum yield of photosystem II; SR, stomatal resistance; CFP, Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters; SDW, Shoot dry weight; SPAD, leaf greenness; GI, Germination index; RL, Root length; LA, Leaf area; LC', Leaf chlorosis; LP, Leaf purpling; FD, Frost damage; LC, Leaf color; Fq'/Fm', Operating quantum efficiency of photosystem II; DW, Dry weight; TAC, Total anthocyanin content; Gp, Germination percentage; MGT, Mean germination time; LTGR, Low-temperature germination rate; LTPRL, Low-temperature primary root length; LRD, Leaf rolling degree; WCS, Water content in shoots and leaves; RRS, Ratio of root-to-shoot; ER, Emergence rate; RLCC, relative leaf chlorophyll content; CC, chlorophyll concentration; TD, Tissue damage; PA, Peroxidase activity; Chr, chromosome number.