Table 3. Potential Clinical Utility of Coronary Artery Calcium Scans.
| Source | No. of CV events/total No. (%) | Length of follow-up, y | Classified at low risk by risk equation | Classified at intermediate or high risk by risk equation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. classified | Correctly reclassified as intermediate or high risk by CACS, No./total No. (%)a | Incorrectly reclassified as intermediate or high risk by CACS, No./total No. (%)b | Correctly reclassified as high risk, No./total No. (%) | No. classified | Correctly reclassified as low risk by CACS, No./total No. (%)c | Incorrectly reclassified as low risk by CACS, No./total No. (%)d | Correctly reclassified as low risk, No./total No. (%) | |||
| Kavousi et al,19 2012 | 347/3678 (9.4) | Median, 6.8 | 2471 <10% 10-y Risk of CHD | Proportion: 54/2471 (2.2); absolute rate: 54/3678 (1.5) | Proportion: 331/2471 (13.4); absolute rate: 331/3678 (9.0) | 54/385 (14.0) | 1207 ≥10% 10-y Risk of CHD | Proportion: 279/1207 (23.1); absolute rate: 279/3678 (7.6) | Proportion: 19/1207 (1.5); absolute rate: 19/3678 (0.5) | 279/298 (93.6) |
| Hoffman et al,18 2016 | 99/3319 (3.0) | Mean, 8 | 3139 <6.5% 5-y Risk of CVD (FRS) | Proportion: 11/3139 (0.3); absolute rate: 11/3319 (0.3) | Proportion: 65/3139 (2.1); absolute rate: 65/3319 (1.9) | 11/76 (14.5) | 180 ≥6.5% 5-y Risk of CVD | Proportion: 34/180 (18.9); absolute rate: 34/3319 (1.0) | Proportion: 2/180 (1.1); absolute rate: 2/3319 (0.1) | 34/36 (94.4) |
| Yeboah et al,14 2016 | 320/5185 (6.2) | Mean, 10 | 4185 <7.5% 10-y Risk of CVD (FRS) | Proportion: 76/4185 (1.8); absolute rate: 76/5185 (1.5) | Proportion: 496/4185 (11.9); absolute rate: 496/5185 (9.6) | 76/572 (13.3) | 1000 ≥7.5% 10-y Risk of CVD (FRS) | Proportion: 202/1000 (20.2); absolute rate: 202/5185 (3.9) | Proportion: 19/1000 (1.9); absolute rate: 19/5185 (0.4) | 202/221 (91.4) |
| Geisel et al,13 2017 with additional data from Erbel et al,23 2010e | 93/4129 (2.3) | Mean, 5.1 | 2416 <10% 10-y Risk of CVD (FRS) | Proportion: 13/2416 (0.5); absolute rate: 13/4129 (0.3) | Proportion: 349/2416 (14.4); absolute rate: 349/4129 (8.5) | 13/362 (3.6) | 1713 ≥10% 10-y Risk of CVD (FRS) | Proportion: 502/1713 (29.3); absolute rate: 502/4129 (12.1) | Proportion: 4/1713 (0.2); absolute rate: 4/4129 (0.1) | 502/506 (99.2) |
Abbreviations: CACS, coronary artery calcium score; CHD, coronary heart disease; CVD, cardiovascular disease; FRS, Framingham Risk Score.
Indicates percentage of total study population (absolute rate) or of those at low risk according to risk equation (proportion) who had a CVD (or CHD) event and were correctly reclassified as high risk by a CACS.
Indicates percentage of total study population (absolute rate) or of those at low risk according to risk equation (proportion) who did not have a CVD (or CHD) event and were incorrectly reclassified as high risk by a CACS.
Indicates percentage of total study population (absolute rate) or of those at intermediate or high risk according to risk equation (proportion) who did not have a CVD (or CHD) event and were correctly reclassified as low risk by a CACS.
Indicates percentage of total study population (absolute rate) or of those at intermediate or high risk according to risk equation (proportion) who had a CVD (or CHD) event and were incorrectly reclassified as low risk by a CACS.
Reclassification results calculated from earlier report of Heinz Nixdorf Recall study with median 5 years of follow-up.23