Table 2.
Risk of Acute, Hospitalized HF Among invasive Breast Cancer Survivors
| N | HF Risk |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HF | HR | 95% CI | P Value | ||
| Age at breast cancer diagnosis, 5-y intervals | 2,722 | 138 | 1.44 | (1.28-1.61) | <0.001 |
| Year of breast cancer diagnosis | |||||
| 1994-1999 | 416 | 29 | 1.00 | Reference | 0.32a |
| 2000-2004 | 744 | 58 | 1.13 | (0.71-1.80) | |
| 2005-2009 | 490 | 29 | 0.77 | (0.44-1.35) | |
| 2010-2014 | 416 | 17 | 0.78 | (0.39-1.55) | |
| 2015-2018 | 206 | 5 | 0.97 | (0.34-2.79) | |
| Demographics at enrollment in the Women’s Health Initiative | |||||
| Race | |||||
| White | 1,475 | 93 | 1.00 | Reference | 0.64 |
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 27 | 3 | 1.61 | (0.51-5.09) | |
| Black/African American | 650 | 38 | 1.25 | (0.85-1.83) | |
| Education | |||||
| High school diploma/GED or less | 526 | 30 | 1.00 | Reference | 0.61a |
| School after high school | 934 | 60 | 1.11 | (0.71-1.72) | |
| College degree or higher | 794 | 48 | 0.92 | (0.58-1.45) | |
| Family income | |||||
| <$20,000 | 391 | 33 | 1.00 | Reference | 0.52a |
| $20,000-$49,999 | 1,063 | 56 | 0.57 | (0.37-0.88) | |
| $50,000-$74,999 | 422 | 22 | 0.62 | (0.36-1.06) | |
| ≥$75,000 | 274 | 18 | 0.84 | (0.47-1.49) | |
| Risk factors at enrollment in the Women’s Health Initiative | |||||
| Family history of myocardial infarction or stroke | |||||
| No | 730 | 37 | 1.00 | Reference | 0.42 |
| Yes | 1,477 | 96 | 1.17 | (0.80-1.71) | |
| Alcohol intake | |||||
| Nondrinker/past drinker | 730 | 54 | 1.00 | Reference | 0.024 |
| <7 drinks per week | 1,273 | 63 | 0.61 | (0.42-0.88) | |
| 7+ drinks per week | 238 | 18 | 0.89 | (0.52-1.52) | |
| Characteristics assessed before breast cancer diagnosisb | |||||
| Ever smoked | |||||
| No | 1,166 | 57 | 1.00 | Reference | 0.004 |
| Yes | 1,104 | 81 | 1.64 | (1.17-2.30) | |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | |||||
| <25 | 390 | 19 | 1.00 | Reference | <0.001a |
| 25-<30 | 755 | 35 | 1.00 | (0.57-1.74) | |
| ≥30 | 1,124 | 84 | 1.92 | (1.16-3.16) | |
| Waist circumference ≥88 cm | |||||
| No | 932 | 39 | 1.00 | Reference | <0.001 |
| Yes | 1,338 | 99 | 1.99 | (1.37-2.88) | |
| Waist-to-hip ratio >0.85 | |||||
| No | 1,418 | 67 | 1.00 | Reference | <0.001 |
| Yes | 852 | 71 | 1.79 | (1.28-2.51) | |
| Leisure time physical activity, MET h/wk | |||||
| 0 | 490 | 37 | 1.00 | Reference | 0.042a |
| >0-<9.0 | 866 | 51 | 0.76 | (0.50-1.16) | |
| ≥9.0 | 872 | 47 | 0.63 | (0.41-0.98) | |
| Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use | |||||
| No | 1,007 | 55 | 1.00 | Reference | 0.35 |
| Yes | 1,265 | 83 | 1.18 | (0.83-1.67) | |
| History of hypertensionc | |||||
| No | 554 | 18 | 1.00 | Reference | 0.001 |
| Yes | 1,718 | 120 | 2.25 | (1.37-3.71) | |
| History of treated diabetes | |||||
| No | 1,850 | 104 | 1.00 | Reference | <0.001 |
| Yes | 422 | 34 | 1.97 | (1.33-2.91) | |
| History of myocardial infarction | |||||
| No | 2,196 | 126 | 1.00 | Reference | <0.001 |
| Yes | 76 | 12 | 3.01 | (1.66-5.45) | |
| Tumor characteristics | |||||
| Summary stage | |||||
| Localized | 1,649 | 105 | 1.00 | Reference | 0.79 |
| Regional/distant | 587 | 32 | 1.06 | (0.71-1.57) | |
| Hormone receptor status | |||||
| ER+/PR+ | 1,407 | 85 | 1.00 | Reference | 0.53 |
| ER−/PR− | 343 | 21 | 1.30 | (0.81-2.11) | |
| Mixed | 362 | 24 | 1.13 | (0.72-1.78) | |
Values are n unless otherwise indicated.
Data were not presented for cell sizes ≤2. HRs were adjusted for linear age at breast cancer diagnosis grouped by 5-year intervals.
HF = heart failure; other abbreviations as in Table 1.
a
P value for linear trend.
b
For variables collected at multiple time points, the data presented were collected at the time point most proximal and before breast cancer.
c
A history of hypertension was ascertained through any of the following: study measurement of blood pressure at clinic visits, self-report of hypertension diagnosis, or report of antihypertensive treatment.