Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients, California, 2010–2016
| Characteristics | NHL patients | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Pesticide exposurea | No pesticide exposure | |
| N = 35,808 (%) | N = 15,834 (%) | N = 19,974 (%) | |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 19,401 (54.2) | 8529 (53.9) | 10,872 (54.4) |
| Female | 16,399 (45.8) | 7301 (46.1) | 9098 (45.5) |
| Race/ethnicity | |||
| Non-Hispanic White | 20,079 (56.1) | 9163 (57.9) | 10,916 (54.7) |
| African American | 1629 (4.5) | 568 (3.6) | 1061 (5.3) |
| Hispanic/Latino | 8601 (24.0) | 4003 (25.3) | 4598 (23.0) |
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 4494 (12.6) | 1673 (10.6) | 2821 (14.1) |
| Other/unknown | 1005 (2.8) | 427 (2.7) | 578 (2.9) |
| Age at diagnosis | |||
| 0–44 | 4711 (13.2) | 1960 (12.4) | 2751 (13.8) |
| 45–64 | 12,836 (35.9) | 5669 (35.8) | 7167 (35.9) |
| 65–84 | 15,194 (42.4) | 6834 (43.2) | 8360 (41.9) |
| 85+ | 3067 (8.6) | 1371 (8.7) | 1696 (8.5) |
| NHL histology | |||
| DLBCL | 13,980 (39.0) | 6203 (39.2) | 7777 (38.9) |
| Follicular lymphoma | 6384 (17.8) | 2921 (18.4) | 3463 (17.3) |
| Burkitt lymphoma | 515 (1.4) | 241 (1.5) | 274 (1.4) |
| Mantle cell lymphoma | 1528 (4.3) | 695 (4.4) | 833 (4.2) |
| Marginal zone lymphoma | 3582 (10.0) | 1538 (9.7) | 2044 (10.2) |
| Small lymphocytic lymphoma | 1400 (3.9) | 636 (4.0) | 764 (3.8) |
| Other B-cell lymphoma | 960 (2.7) | 389 (2.5) | 571 (2.9) |
| T/NK-cell lymphoid neoplasms | 3246 (9.1) | 1369 (8.6) | 1877 (9.4) |
| Lymphoblastic lymphoma | 443 (1.2) | 192 (1.2) | 251 (1.3) |
| Unspecified | 3770 (10.5) | 1650 (10.4) | 2120 (10.6) |
| Stage at diagnosis | |||
| I/II—limited | 15,205 (42.5) | 6681 (42.2) | 8524 (42.7) |
| III/IV—advanced | 17,976 (50.2) | 7975 (50.4) | 10,001 (50.1) |
| Modality of initial therapy | |||
| Chemotherapy | 20,501 (57.3) | 9094 (57.4) | 11,407 (57.1) |
| Radiation | 5168 (14.4) | 2324 (14.7) | 2844 (14.2) |
| Health insurance status | |||
| Private | 17,061 (47.6) | 7401 (46.7) | 9660 (48.4) |
| Public/none | 17,105 (47.8) | 7702 (48.6) | 9403 (47.1) |
| Unknown | 1642 (4.6) | 731 (4.6) | 911 (4.6) |
| Neighborhood socioeconomics status (quintile) | |||
| 1 (lowest) | 5305 (14.8) | 2345 (14.8) | 2960 (14.8) |
| 2 | 6408 (17.9) | 2954 (18.7) | 3454 (17.3) |
| 3 | 7354 (20.5) | 3421 (21.6) | 3933 (19.7) |
| 4 | 8080 (22.6) | 3647 (23.0) | 4433 (22.2) |
| 5 (highest) | 8661 (24.2) | 3467 (21.9) | 5194 (26.0) |
| Area of residence | |||
| Rural | 4849 (13.5) | 3270 (20.7) | 1579 (7.9) |
| Urban | 30,959 (86.5) | 12,564 (79.3) | 18,395 (92.1) |
| Pesticide exposure | |||
| Glyphosate | 12,195 (34.1) | ||
| Organophosphorus | 9310 (26.0) | ||
| Carbamate | 3801 (10.6) | ||
| Phenoxyherbicide | 5005 (14.0) | ||
| 2,4-Dimethylamine salt | 4593 (12.8) | ||
| Composite (70 chemicals) | 14,056 (39.5) | ||
aCumulative pesticide exposure was measured as pounds of pesticide applied per acre/month within 2000 m from residence at diagnosis, between 10 years prior up to 1 year after NHL diagnosis
DLBCL diffuse large B-cell lymphoma